The Flux Theory of
Gravitation III. Vortex Interaction
e-mail:
escultur@nsclub.net
Recent observation shows that our universe is not only
expanding rapidly but also at accelerating rate. This simply conforms to
Hubble’s law, assumed in the paper, about the accelerating dispersal of the
galaxies which says that the rate of separation between any two galaxies is
proportional to the distance between them. This means that if the distance
between them at time t is S then d2S/dt2 > 0. This can
be derived from the dynamics of an explosion (our Big Bang) in homogeneous,
unbounded dark matter. The force of explosion inside what we shall call the
cosmic ball exerts radial outward pressure on the surrounding dark and visible
matter, including the galaxies, just outside the cosmic sphere after the cosmic
burst at year t = 1.5 billion. Dark matter has mass; therefore, the outward pressure
causes radial acceleration in accordance with Newton’s law f = ma. Since the
distance (along great circle) between the two galaxies is given by S = 2B"r, where " is some constant
real number and r is the radius of the cosmic ball at time t, and r increases
at accelerating rate it follows that the rate of increase of S is also
accelerating.
This accelerating galactic dispersal tends towards zero
asymptotically as the force of explosion thins out in the expansion. However, the
radial expansion and dispersal of the galaxies will continue at constant rates (that
is, radial expansion and galactic dispersal rates) and at the maximum speeds
imparted by the Big Bang on their own momenta because of their relative
autonomy from and, therefore, negligible viscous resistance offered by dark
matter. Since dark matter is unbounded and visible matter does not encounter
significant dark viscous resistance there is no counterforce to reverse this
expansion. At the same time the galaxies continue to evolve toward their
destiny as clusters of black holes back in dark matter.
The other major part of the paper extends the vortex fractal
principle from our universe, on account of the universal fractal principle,
through the supersupergalactic clusters, …, the galaxies, and all the way
through the stars, …, cosmic dust, clusters of molecules (e.g., cells of living
organisms, molecules, atoms, prima and superstrings. A cluster of cosmic dust
may be as small as 0.002 microns but has essentially the same structure as that
of a planet. Using the technique of generalized fractal and a galaxy as fractal
generator then, starting from a given point as origin of a cartesian coordinate
system, a combination of deformation, contraction, magnification, translation,
rotation, reflection and sliding along a curve, forward or backward, will reach
any element of the fractal sequences. This is a global algorithm and any galactic or stellar or
planetary clustering can be treated as a local segment of this algorithm. The same
is true with primal clustering considered in. Atomic and molecular bonding are
included also as local segment of this algorithm. Only the flux compatibility
and oscillation universality principles are principally involved in this
algorithm, locally and globally.
This dynamic modeling of vortex interaction (since every
element in this configuration is a vortex) at all scales simplifies the subject
considerably since it is extremely difficult to model fractal configurations and
interactions conventionally.
Another new insights in this paper are those about the unusual
interaction related to the Bose-Einstein condensate. As matter cools down
suitably towards absolute zero primal and atomic boundaries are blurred and configurations
of matter pass through each other without resistance. This phenomenon is
related to superconductivity.