Problems of Machine Science
Conference devoted to the 70-th Anniversary of RAS IMAS
(Moscow, November, 2008)
A.V.Berezin
A.A.Blagonravov Institute of Machine Science of RAS
M. Kharitonyevsky, 4, Moscow,
101990, Russia
The conference took place at the day of the seventieth Anniversary of
Institute of Machine Science (IMAS) of RAS on November 13, 2008. Russian and foreign scientists took part in
it. 118 papers consecrated to a wide sphere of machine science problems were
submitted:
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structure, kinematics and synthesis of
mechanisms;
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machine dynamics;
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problems of control;
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diagnostics of machines and mechanisms;
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vibration and wave techniques;
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oscillations in machines;
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strength and reliability of machines;
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friction and wear;
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mechanics of nanomaterials;
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biomechanics of system;
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informational and telecommunication engineering
systems;
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models of technological processes.
The conference was attended by the scientists
from Russia (Moscow, St. Petersburg, N.Novgorod,
Samara, Yekaterinburg, Krasnodar), France, Belarus, and Vietnam.
Brief history of development of the Institute
and scientific research branches are expounded in the report by N.А.Makhutov (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) <Research of structural strength and safety
in problems of machine science and engineering industry>.
The major attention was given to the problems
of diagnostics, to nondestructive inspection techniques monitoring
serviceability of machines and mechanisms. In the paper <Method of tool state monitoring> А.К.Aleshin, V.G.Gushin (IMAS of
RAS, "STANKIN", Moscow) describe a method
for quality control of a tool during the machine operation, as a measuring
instrument is installed on a working tool, and the data are transferred in a
digital form. E.S.Gorkunov, S.M.Zadvorkin, C.Yu.Mitropolskaya, D.I.Vichuzhanin
(IMAS, Ural branch (UB) of RAS, Yekaterinburg) consider application of magnetic
method for control of stresses on steel samples made of different kinds of
steel according to their magnetic characteristics. In the report <Forming and nondestructive monitoring of
wear-resistant and high-strength structures in steels and alloys> A.V.Makarov,
E.S.Gorkunov (IMAS UB of RAS, Yekaterinburg) offer to use high-sensitive
magnetic and electromagnetic methods for estimation and prediction of wear
properties and strength of different classes of steels. They also give the
techniques for strength and tribological properties increase of steel products.
In the paper "Simulation modeling of
vibrosignals of machinery aimed at research of discriminant analysis potential in
case when incipient defects are revealed" by M.A.Ivanova, A.G.Sokolova,
G.V.Dolaberidze, T.V.Medvedeva (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) the authors offer to
troubleshoot machinery damages using the discriminant analysis of vibrosignals that
are clipped on amplitude. The simulation modeling of a score, abrasive wear,
contact surfaces pitting is carried out illustrated with a gear. It is shown
that the responsively of amplitude discriminants to occurrence of peaks is
higher, than of standard characteristics. In report <Nonlinearity as a sign of predefective state of a material> by V.V.Mishakin,
V.M.Rodyushkina (N.Novgorod Branch (NB) of IMAS of RAS, Gaznadzor Volgo-Kamsky
GTTs Co Ltd., N.Novgorod) a link between a plastic deformation and acoustic
characteristics of a welded connection under a destroying static loading is
examined, fracture of a welded connection by eddy current method is also
analyzed. M.M.Gadenin (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) investigates
effect of the time-temperature factors and shapes of loading cycle on
resistance to a repeated deformation. Equations describing these effects allow
defining kinetics of deformation characteristics and conditions for attainment
of limiting state. R.S.Akhmetkhanov (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) considers system
diagnostics with detection of time series features with fractal methods and wavelet
analysis. Both approaches can be applied as a complex or separately. V.M.Rodyushkin
(Gaznadzor Volgo-Kamsky GTTs Co Ltd, N.Novgorod) considers opportunity to carry
out search of predefective state with measurement of modulation, nonlinear and
dispersion parameters. In D.G.Gromakovskiy's paper (GTU, Samara) <On estimation of parameters of fatigue wear
kinetic model> the estimation procedure of activation parameters of
strength and ductility is described on the basis of sclerometry, automatic
input and results processing on a computer.
In the papers <Some features of Ioffe effect in nanostructural materials> and <Impulse techniques of nanostructural
material treatment for defect healing> by Yu.V.Baranov, G.Zh.Sakhvadze, V.V.Stolyarov
(IMAS of RAS, Moscow) questions are
considered of physical materials technology and solid-state physics, of the
role of surface layers in development of deformation and fracture. Existence of
Ioffe effect for nanostructural metals is experimentally and theoretically
proved. In the second paper the impulse techniques for defect healing are
analyzed. A technique of laser shock wave effect on defects is designed.
The paper <Biomechanical
system of vestibular orientation in space> by A.A.Akentyev,
A.K.Skvorchevsky, A.B.Novikov, K.A.Skvorchevsky (IMAS of RAS, Moscow, and Moscow
Engineering and Physical Institute) is devoted to biomechanics. It describes
the authors' expedient of multiplexing supposing considerable distinctions in
optical lengths of shoulders for Mach-Candler fiber interferometers. In the
report <Laser research methods for processes
of human vestibular apparatus functioning> A.A.Akentyev, I.V.Tikhonov,
A.K.Skvorchevsky, A.B.Novikov, and K.A.Skvorchevsky (IMAS of RAS, Moscow, and Moscow
Engineering and Physical Institute) consider possibilities of VOIS application
for research of vestibular malfunctions and discoordination of operator's
movements, when he works under vibroimpact influence. In the paper <Bioinformatics and matrix
genetics> S.V.Petukhov, E.S.Petukhovа (IMAS of RAS, MSPPU,
Moscow) offer the algebraic models of genetic code structures which give new
opportunities for ergonomic system optimization. Examination of the
opportunities of fiber-optic measurement systems for mobility and for effective
work of a cosmonaut in outer space are researched in the report <Features of fiber-optical manipulators
development for control of computers in space> by O.S.Shastun (IMAS of RAS,
Moscow). In report <Quantum computing system on fiber-optic
Bragg lattices> E.A.Zhuravlev, A.K.Skvorchevsky, A.B.Novikov, K.A.Skvorchevsky
(IMAS of RAS, Moscow, and Moscow
Engineering and Physical Institute) consider fiber-optic methods for restoring
parameters of scalar and physical fields. Adaptive filters capable of changing
the structure at external conditions variations are also described.
B.M.Bazrov (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) in his paper offers
construction of initial model of an engineering product using a graph of
hierarchical structure where nodes are the product elements, and links between
them are the edges. Such an approach allows increasing accuracy of
calculations. The application of this model is considered for several problems.
V.Arakelyan, S.Briot, V.A.Glazunov, A.N.Shumilov (National institute of applied
sciences, France, Rennes, IMAS of RAS, Russia, Moscow) in their report
consider new classes of mechanisms of parallel-cross and parallel-variable
structures. V.A.Glazunov, S.D.Kostereva, P.O.Danilin, A.B.Lastochkin, A.S.Novikov
(Moscow, IMAS of RAS)
describe application of screw calculus for modern mechanisms of parallel
structure. The paper is devoted to F.M.Dimentberg's centenary. E.E.Peysakh (SPGUD,
St.Petersburg) features an analysis procedure of links positions of single-loop
spatial lever mechanisms with one spherical pair.
A number of reports are devoted to the problems
of friction and wear, to creation of materials with improved tribological
properties. V.V.Alisin (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) in his paper <Development of friction units containing nanostructural dioxide
zirconium crystals for the purpose of increase of the equipment reliability at
thermoelectric elements manufacture> considers application of bushings made
of nanostructural crystals alloyed by cerium in sliding bearings which
increases probability of no-failure operation equal to Р(t)=0.95. V.D.Danilov (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) investigates
mechanical and tribological properties of polymer-matrix composites on the
basis of super high-molecular polyethylene. A formula of polymer-matrix
composite wear intensity is given. In the report <Influence of orienting properties of contact element surfaces on
lubricant ability of oils> by I.A.Buyanovskiy, Z.V.Ignatyeva, V.A.Levchenko,
V.N.Matveenko (IMAS of RAS, Moscow, and Moscow State University) a complex of
comparative tribological tests is described. It estimates friction coefficients
and limiting temperatures of operability under various test condition of model
lubricant compositions at friction of steel and steel with carbon coverage. In
the report by N.A.Voronin (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) engineering
calculation dependences for definition of deformation-force parameters of
contact and topocomposite characteristics are described, the thickness ranges
of a covering are defined, effect of topocomposite abnormal strength is theoretically
and experimentally established. In their report V.E.Arkhipov G.V.Moskvitin, А.N.Polyakov (IMAS of RAS, Russia, Moscow) consider a
self-propagating high-temperature synthesis. Experimental researches have shown
that it improves wear resistance of a cutting tool. V.G.Pavlov (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) researches choice
and substantiation of a calculation model for estimation of a resource of
tribounit behavior in limiting wear condition. L.N.Lesnevskiy (MAI, Moscow) examines
designing of solid lubrication coverage for protection against fretting-wear in
extreme exploitation conditions. The fretting-wear simulation under dynamic
loads in the field of blade retention with turbomachine impellers is carried
out in the paper by L.Sall, A.M.Guskov, L.Blan, F.Tuverez (N.E.Bauman MSTU,
Moscow, Central school of Lyons, Snekma group Safran, France). E.A.Marchenko, T.A.Lobova
(IMAS of RAS, MESaS, Moscow) examined
application of diselenides of refractory metals formed during chemical-thermal
metal working in selenium vapors for friction units operation stability.
Reports by Yu.P.Tarasenko, O.B.Berdnik, L.A.Krivina,
I.N.Tsareva, Ya.A.Fel' (NB IMAS of RAS, Scientific Production Center TRIBONIKA,
N.Novgorod) are devoted to increase of reliability and resource of turbine
blades of gas-compressor unit.
Yu.N.Drozdov, V.A.Nadein, V.N.Puchkov, M.V.Puchkova
(IMAS of RAS, NGB-Energodiagnostika, Moscow) devoted their report
to the problem of choice of a self-bonded antifriction material ensuring
sliding bearings durability - seismic insulators under seismic influence. The
designed computational method allows to receive results for a wide range of
loading parameters and heat dissipation condition and to forecast a temperature
in a contact zone.
Oscillations in machines are researched
in a number of reports. In the report <On
influence of manufacturing accuracy on vibro-activity of machines>
A.A.Alifov (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) gives a
calculation procedure for dependence of oscillation amplitude on surface
finish. In the paper <Mixed parametric
and auto-oscillations in conditions of power sources of restricted power>
A.A.Alifov (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) considers
dependence of mixed parametric oscillations and auto-oscillations amplitude on energy
sources. S.V.Balakin, A.M.Guskov, G.Ya.Panovko (N.E.Bauman MSTU, IMAS of RAS, Moscow) consider
possibility of creation and of maintaining of vibration drilling processes by a
mobile intermediate vibrant support. The received mathematical model of gun
drill stalk can be used for system stability researches, and so for examination
of non-stationary cutting modes. O.B.Balakshin, B.G.Kukharenko (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) consider application
of Prony spectrum analysis and linear band-pass filtering for identification of
collective unstable oscillations of blades in the low-pressure compressor. L.Ya.Banakh
(IMAS of RAS, Moscow) in his report <Weak dynamic interactions in rotor systems vibrations>
considers decomposition techniques which take into account a magnitude of
dynamic interactions between weakly coupled subsystems. In the framework of the
paper <Technique of reduction of flow of
forces via engine mounting on the basis of experimental researches of vibration
forces and vibroacoustic properties of the automobile construction> by T.I.Denisenko,
A.G.Chistyakov, L.B.Bylinin (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) a special procedure of
measuring and analysis of vibration forces is presented, force meters are
manufactured and calibrated. L.B.Bylinin, V.A.Tikhonov, A.G.Chistyakov,
D.L.Etkin (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) consider
constructions of passive and active vibroprotective systems in their work <Layered dampers development for branch pipes
and shift piezogenerators for control systems>. V.L.Krupenin (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) describes the models
of strong vibroimpact processes in systems containing lattice elements.
In the report by I.I.Blekhman, D.A.Indeytsev, Yu.A.Mochalovа ("Mechanobr-technica", IPMAS of RAS, St.Petersburg)
effects of vibration fluid mixing are considered when undirected on the average
vibration creates a directed on the average movement. The vibration effects can
be applied in ore-dressing machines.
In report by I.I.Vulfson (SPSUTD, St.Petersburg)
a theory of regular vibration systems for research of dynamics of complex cyclic
machines' drive units is developed.
In the paper <Methods of estimations (disturbance accumulation) in the applied theory
of mechanical oscillations> M.Ya.Izrailovich (IMAS of RAS, Moscow)
considers accumulation of perturbations for the following cases: effect of finite
duration forces on linear stationary systems, effect of periodic forces on
linear stationary systems, effect of periodic forces on periodically
non-stationary linear systems.
B.A.Gordeev, G.V.Maslov (NB IMAS of RAS, N. Novgorod) consider
balancing of rigid rotors at lowering errors of vibration overloads
measurements.
In V.I.Yerofeev's (NB IMAS of RAS, N.Novgorod) work
<Nonlinear flexural and torsional waves
in bars and bar systems> results of researches are considered on a
nonlinear wave mechanics of bar systems: flexural waves distribution in a bar,
systems with rigid and weak nonlinearity, torsional oscillations.
In the report <Modernized method of discrete vortices (MMDV) and dynamics of tube
bundles> S.M.Kaplunov, N.G.Vales T.N.Fesenko (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) offer a
complex procedure basing on MMDV, on a numerical method of solving a problem of
nonlinear oscillations in a stream of pipe bundle medium with a clearance, of static
modeling, and of PLP-search method. The given procedure allows designing
optimal heat exchanging plants of different assignment.
A number of reports are devoted to development
of new techniques, design of new materials, and their processing. V.K.Astashev,
N.A.Andrianov, and Ye.B.Semenova (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) prove necessity
of ultrasonic techniques application at modern materials processing and substantiate
simultaneous application of autoresonance systems for effective resonance state
maintenance. In the report by S.V.Gladkovskiy, E.S.Gorkunova (IMAS UB of RAS,
Yekaterinburg) the properties and characteristics of steels with metastable
austenite structure are described. In the report <New equipment for electroplastic rolling of stainless steels> S.K.Kim
S.A.Kutsenko, E.I.Anisimov, V.A.Martynov, A.V.Drozhzhin (Central
Aerohydrodynamic Institute (CAHI), Zhukovskiy) describe experimental equipment
for rolling of a metal ribbon on the basis of electroplastic metal deformation
technique.
The review and development of control methods
are given in the following works. In the report <Optimization methods of locating the components of an industrial
complex> by V.Ye.Bolnokin (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) a problem is
considered of expenditures minimization of an industrial complex build-up in
case of necessary components allocation and convenient transport system
establishment. In the report <Synthesis
of adaptive systems of control with nonlinear dynamic objects on neural network
basis> by V.Ye.Bolnokin, H.D.Lok (IMAS of RAS, Russia, Moscow, and National
Technological University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam) a method is stated of
adaptive control systems build-up which allows to synthesize controllers for the
objects, whose mathematical formulation is not known precisely, and to take
into account an experience of a human-operator at forming the control law. In
the report <Models and methods of control
of an equipment complex in switched technological system> by A.M.Valuev (IMAS
of RAS, Moscow) two types of technological system functioning are given, that
is functioning at given set of operations requiring certain resources and
connected by precedence relations, and operations, which are considered in a
given time interval. V.V.Grot, N.A.Makhutov, V.A.Rudenko, A.I.Gavrilov A.S.Morozov
(Ministry of Industry and Commerce of Russian Federation, IMAS of RAS, Moscow) describe
principles and structure of a knowledge base in the expert system <Strength. Resource. Safety>. L.S.Grosheva,
А.Popov, M.I.Feygin (VGAVT, N.Novgorod)
developed an algorithm of automatic control of a vessel with intellectual
stimulator, carried out debugging of the control algorithms on an industrial
controller. V.V.Zolotukhin, V.K.Isaev (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) consider control
systems of air traffic as global systems with connecting functions, , when a pilot can select a route in a real time without flight
dispatcher control, and intellectual and multiagent systems. Simulation modeling
methods constitute the basis of the systems. Attention is given to the problems
of transport safety. In the report <State
and modern tendencies of techniques for products of experimental machine
building> V.K.Isaev, S.V.Skorodumov (CAHI, Zhukovskiy, Moscow Institute for
Physics and Technology (MIPT), Dolgoprudniy, MAI, Moscow) survey new
technologies of manufacture and partnership organization on the basis of
scientific and technical outsourcing and industrial and technological outsourcing.
A concept of is divulged. B.K.Isaev, Ye.N.Khobotov (CAHI,
Zhukovskiy, MIPT, Dolgoprudniy, N.E.Bauman MSTU, Moscow) in their report <Methods for planning and construction of the
schedules in machine building manufactures> consider advantages of "frame"
schedule, time estimation problem required for details processing. V.K.Isaev,
E.N.Khobotov (CAHI, Zhukovskiy, MIPT, Dolgoprudniy, N.E.Bauman MSTU, Moscow) considers models
and methods for multiproduct supplies control in conditions of constant and
casual demand.
A number of reports examine operation of hydraulic mountings and
bearings. In the report <Premises for
micro-hydroblows initiation at hydraulic mountings operation> by V.V.Bugaysky,
B.A.Gordeev, A.V.Sinev (NB IMAS of RAS, N.Novgorod, IMAS of RAS, Moscow) a model
of transition from laminar to turbulent flow is considered in throttling
channel provided that the channel length is of one order with its radius. In
A.V.Gordeyev's (NB IMAS of RAS, N.Novgorod) paper the expediency of hydraulic
mountings application for an induction motor is submitted. A.V.Gordeyev and S.N.Okhulkov
(NB IMAS of RAS, N.Novgorod) devote their paper to the effect of a residual
magnetic induction of magnetorheological transformers on characteristics of hydraulic
mountings. Ye.P.Zhilnikov, V.V.Makarchuk (Samara State Aerospace University, Aviation
Bearings Plant, Samara) in their report <System
approach to bearing support design and calculation for aerospace engineering>
offer to refine contact geometry of roller and ball bearings, making it an
optimal one, and to carry out calculation of the bearing durability by basic
contact stresses. The solutions of such problems by means of the given
techniques are considered. M.Ya.Panovko in his paper using numerical methods
examines influence of a twist angle on pressure distribution of lubricating
layer thickness in the contact area of a profiled roller.
V.V.Velichenko (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) states a meaning
and potential of matrix mechanics in the modern computer world.
A.V.Isakov (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) researches
steady-state conditions of a body suspended on a bar in a point on a principal
axis of a minimum moment of inertia. Complete pattern of steady modes branching
is constructed.
In the report <Innovative techniques of organic waste complex utilization by a closed
cycle> L.K.Kovalev, L.L.Kovaleva, Ye.L.Veselova (IMAS of RAS, Moscow) describe the
advantages of low-temperature dehydration technology in vacuum for organic
waste utilization.
The conference was conducted at high scientific
and organizational levels.
