Some properties of Earth Magnetosphere

G.P.Potapov

Kazan State Technical University of A.N.фupolev's name

K.Marx str., 10, Kazan, 420111, Russia

The change of temperature, of pressures, of humidity, of ions composition, of electromagnetic fields, processes in bottom atmosphere (homospere) are stipulated by electromagnetic properties of overhead atmosphere (heterosphere) - ionosphere and magnetosphere.

Knowledge about the mechanism of it are required for the forecasting of weather and climate; the studies of the state of near-Earth space and the ensuring of the safety of the aircraft flights; the estimates of the eventual directions of the natural environment degradation from anthropogenic influence and from the effects of electromagnetic space radiation on processes in biosphere and on mankind.

It is allowing to reveal many physical processes connected with the Sun activity and dynamics of Earth atmosphere. The aerospace facility of the monitoring Earth atmosphere is necessary.

It is known on morning side of polar lights zone there exist the electric currents, that are coming into oval of polar lights along magnetic field power lines. Closing on ionosphere, these electric currents are coming out on low latitudes. On the evening side the currents direction is inverse. It is noted, that electromotive force for these currents is created in border stratum of magnetosphere. Narrow zone of the concentration of electrons with energy ~40keV is observed near neutral layer of magnetosphere tail (up to distances 15a-22a;љ aљ is Earth radius).

The intensity of electric fields in troposphere has the direct dependence from solar activity; and the action of electric field between the ionosphere and Earth surface creates the flux of negative ions to ionosphere from the bottom strata of atmosphere. The current value is ~2000A, that is corresponding to the ions flux density ~2000 ion./cm²s.

Nevertheless up to the present time many details of the general scheme of the influence processes of solarљ activity on the atmosphere are non-understood. For example, Earth has negative charge ~ 6.10⁵ Kl, - why? Along geomagnetic power lines there exist the steps of electric potentials, that cause anomalously high electric resistance for charged particles, - why? Meantime understanding causes of this non-equipotentiality of power lines, that are piercing the region of avrorial arcs, will allow to explain the nature of the acceleration of electrons, coming into atmosphere and causing the polar lights; the changes of cirucular current into the external radiation belt of Earth.

The purpose of this paper is to show one of the eventual mechanism of the change of the electric properties of Earth atmosphere on basis of electrokinetic decoupling charged particles in low temperature plasma.