Specific features of application of dynamically tuned gyros

in various fields of modern technology

G.M.Vinogradov, N.A.Temlyakov, V.V.Krasnov

Ramenskoye Instrument Design Bureau

Gurjev St., 140103, Ramenskoye, Moscow Region, Russia

Telephone: (095) 556-2393; Fax: (095) 556-4328

rpkb@space.ru

The paper describes specific features of application of dynamically tuned gyros (DTG) as used in different inertial systems, attitude/heading reference systems and motion control systems for various movable vehicles based on the experience of the Ramenskoye Instrument Design Bureau in the development of gyroscopic systems.

More than forty years have passed since the first industrial samples of DTGs have been manufactured. Their original principle of operation that enabled replacement of unstable ball bearings in axes of precession for flexible gimbals and inherent simple design of those devices made it feasible to construct small-size gyros for various applications. At present, the range of accuracy of DTGs is within 0.005 to 1њ/h for random drift of gyros with weights from 60 to 500 g.

Industrial production of DTGs does not require specially developed equipment (except for equipment items designed for purposes of adjustment and control of component assemblies and devices as a whole); they are manufactured on universal production machines, and the present-day progress in electronics and computing technology makes it possible to use well-elaborated mathematical models of gyro errors not only to achieve required accuracy ofљ the devices to be designed, but also to increase the accuracy of already developed systems.

A wide range of external exposures and their combinations (shocks, vibrations, temperature changes, etc.) that DTGs are capable of withstanding in case of different requirements to the accuracy of the devices allow the use of gyros of the same type in various devices almost without any additional modifications. The accuracy of the systems using gyroscopes of the same type may differ significantly depending on the scope of application and the extent of use of a set of math model coefficients to compensate for own errors and the errors that depend on the interaction of a gyro with a system (servo system parameters, feedback quality, stability of parameters of electronic units, etc.).

Thus, the gyro MG-4 may exemplify the use of a gyro of the same type in systems of different classes. The gyros of this type are used in aeronautical technology in inertial satellite-navigation system NSBKV-95 and attitude/heading reference system SBKV-2V, in on-ground equipment in stabilization system of sight "SOZH" BMP-3, in two-coordinate angular rate sensor DUS-1.

The analysis of recent designs using DTGs in various fields of technology shows that improved accuracy of devices can chiefly be achieved by way of reducing their errors owing to implementing elaborated math models.

The achieved dimension and weight characteristics of DTGs will make it possible in the next future to drastically decrease dimension and weight parameters of gimballess systems based on advancements in radio electronics and computing technology.

The designed and presently produced DTGs have such features that allow them to be used almost without any additional design modifications in any field of technology where there is a need in obtaining data on position and motion of vehicles, in performing stabilization operations in given planes for various vehicles and in controlling their motion.

It is assumed that the scope of application of small-size DTGs in various types of devices will be steadily enhancing and the DTGs will be ousting conventional mechanical gyros.