Scientific Conference

XXIX-th Academic Conference on Astronautics

Analytical review

(Moscow, Russia, January, 2005)

A.K.Medvedeva

Institute of Natural Sciences and Technique History of RAS, Moscow, 103012, Russia

akm@history.ihst.ruљљљљ http://www.ihst.ru/~akm/

 

Russian Academy of Science, Russian AeroSpace Agency and Russian Academy of Science Commission by working out of the space mastering pioneers legacy have held during four days from 25^th of January to 29^st of January 2005 the XXIX-th academic readings by astronautics which are devoted to the memory of academician S.P. Korolyov and the other famous native scientists - the pioneers of space mastering. These readings are great all-Russian scientific event. Scientists and specialists of academic and branch institutes, scientific-industry unions, higher educational establishment and other organizations of Russia took part in the event. The rocket-space community of Russia were represented by more 150 organizations. More 800 scientists and specialists made a speech by 443 reports; the total number of participants was 1690 people. Bauman Moscow State Technology University let have its rooms to hold two plenary and most of sectional sessions.

The readings' geography is quite spacious. There were representatives from Moscow and near Moscow towns: Korolyov, Khimki, Zvyezdnii, Yubileynii, Reutov, Zhukovskii, Kaliningrad and also from St.-Petersburg, Krasnoyarsk, Tula, Chelyabinsk, Volgograd, Kazan', Voronezh, Severodvinsk (Arkhangelsk region), Petrozavodsk, Pytalovo (Pskovsk region), Astrahan', Samara, Vladimir, Kostroma, Bryansk, Omsk, Perm', Nikolaevsk (Volgograd region), Saratov, Kaluga, Gagarin (Smolensk region), Kiev, Zhitomir, Dnepropetrovsk (Ukrane), Samarkand (Uzbekistan), Baykonur (Kazakhstan) and other. There were representatives form Portugal (University of Beira Interior, Portugal), Italy (DISIS - Department of Space Science and Engineering University of Naples "Federico II", Napoli, Italy), France (Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees, France), CHR (CHR, Chen-Du, South-west Institute of Technique Physics), Viet-Nam (Hay-Fen, Viet-Nam Nautical University).

Plenary sessions opened the readings turned out a program arrangement for all readings. To open the readings academician B.E. Chertok made a vast opening speech.

A group of plenary reports consists of the modern Russian astronautics state estimation and it's development forecast. There are:

ћ               A.N. Perminov, the head Russian AeroSpace Agency, report "The state and prospect of Russian cosmic activity";

ћ               N.A. Anfimov, academician, the director CSRI-mach, report "Astronautics: evolution of ideas, purposes and achievements";

ћ               L.M. Zelyenii, Corresponding Member of RAS, the director ICR RAS, report "The modern state of fundamental cosmic investigations";

ћ               V.P. Senkevich, the president of RASC, report "The forecast of Russian cosmic activity development for a first third of XXI^th century";

ћ               A.N. Egorov, the deputy chief of the cosmonaut training center, report "The Russian cosmonaut training system on 45^th anniversary of Yu.A. Gagarin Russian State Scientific Research Testing Center of cosmonaut training";

ћ               V.V. Ivashkin and V.V. Shevchenko, Doctors of Physical and Mathematical Sciense, report "Problems and modern state of the Moon investigation".

Other group of plenary reports was devoted to analyze the famous scientists' creative activity who made substantial contribution to develop the native astronautics:

ћ               "On life and creation of academician B.V. Raushenbah (on the occasion of 90^th anniversary of the birth)" - report of academician V.P. Legostaev, the first deputy of the RKK "Energia" director general;

ћ               "G.N. Babakin - the chief designer of automatic cosmic devices for the Moon, Mars and Venus investigations and using its experience to modern activity of NPO S.A. Lavochkin" - report of K.M. Pichkhadze, the director general of NPO S.A. Lavochkin.

Representatives of science-engineer society have discussed during the readings results of research by the following main scientific branches of modern astronautics:

ћ                                             the scientific heritage of the pioneers of space mastering and design schools of rocket-space devices;

ћ                                             the fundamental problems of astronautics and state of its individual branches development;

ћ                                             astronautics for solution of socio-economic and strategic development of modern society questions;

ћ                                             humanitarian appearance of astronautics;

ћ                                             investigations on cosmic science and technology history.

The listed scientific branches were presented on the readings by 19 sections by corresponding subject problems of astronautics. Eleven of the total number of section were devoted to discuss the fundamental investigations and elaborations results, which were held in Russian rocket-space branch to create new and modernize present carrier rockets and cosmic devices, to work through a science intensive production technologies and land rocket-space devices tests. The modern astronautics make a substantial contribution to solve the globe problems of civilization and substantial development of the world community, that is why this subject was aggressively discussed on the readings.

Problems of the fundamental investigations concerned with design of new rocket-space devices models were discussed on section sittings: "Flying vehicles. Designing and construction", "Automatic space vehicles for planet and astrophysical investigations. Designing, construction, tests and computation" and "Land infrastructure objects of rocket complexes". There were 96 reports by this subject, the total number of participants made up 231 persons. It is possible on the basis of represented reports to mark out the following problems of modern cosmic science and technology, which were discussed on the readings:

ћ               pilot space vehicles and perspective orbital stations;

ћ               construction of flying vehicle and new generation carrier rockets;

ћ               projects of comic systems for fundamental investigations of the the Moon, solar system planets and astrophysical investigations;

ћ               problems of perspective earth explore distance control space vehicles creation;

ћ               designing and practice of automatized, resource-saving and information technology on start-building;

ћ               investigations of gas-dynamic, acoustic, dynamic and thermal processes characteristics on start instrumentations during the period of rocket space systems preparation and launching;

ћ               development of modeling methods and optimal control by start instrumentations exploitation by conditions of land complexes guarantee exploitation period expiry and cosmic programs scanty financing.

An analysis of reports subjects discussed on sections sittings reveals that almost all represented reports correspond to the main scientific problems in rocket-space devices creation sphere on its modern state evolution, what justifies their actuality. It is possible from the total number of actual problems to mark out the following:

ћ               a correlation of cosmonaut function, vehicle-borne automatics and flight control center in Martian program;

ћ               creation of perspective space vehicles for radio-astronomy investigations in international "Space centimetric range radio-telescope" program;

ћ               automatic space vehicle "Mars-soil" with controlled aerodynamical quality to deliver Marts soil samples to the Earth;

ћ               space vehicles for investigation of giant planets and minor bodies of solar system;

ћ               start complex for carrier rocket "Soyuz-2" with boost block "Fregat" in Guiana space center;

ћ               safety ensuring during designing of land equipment for commercial order realization.

It is naturally that we indicated just the most actual from the world science' viewpoint the modern space-rocket science and technology problems which are developed by Russian cosmic science-technology community.

Results of native space-rocket science and technology investigations and developments in sphere of gas dynamics, plasma dynamics and their application to provide space-rocket's and space vehicles' movement were discussed on section sittings "Astronautics evolution and fundamental problems of gas dynamics, combustion and heat exchange", "Founder of aerospace propulsion engineering and problems of flying vehicle motor theory and designing", "Combined power plants for hypersonic and aerospace flying vehicles", "Cosmic power engineering and cosmic electric propulsion systems - actual problems of creation and quality ensuring, high technologies". About 200 scientists and specialists have took part in this problems discussion, 79 reports were heard. Administration of listed sections marked out in returns on work's termination the following main problems:

ћ               problems of high-speed ramjets analysis and creation and, in particularly, investigation of heat application steady-state flows;

ћ               problems of hypersonic jet engines creation including one of the most difficult here problem of obtaining the propellant jets with the main airflow blending;

ћ               steady-state flow research problems in connection with creation of fuel oil impact detonation jet engine and also under combustion obtaining, detonation and gas streamflow structure control both in ducts and under body outside streamline;

ћ               aerodynamic medium dynamics problems, particularly, investigations of physical-chemical processes in aircraft scheme flying vehicle trace;

ћ               problems associated with minor traction electric propulsions creation and using to provide space flights.

Extraterrestrial navigation and movement control problems were discussed on section sittings "Applied celestial mechanics and movement control", "Extraterrestrial navigation and robot-technique", "Space vehicles control systems". The total number of participants was amount 132 persons, 66 reports were heard. The modern astronautics problems accepted by the sections to discuss on the readings was presented by the following manner:

ћ               new trajectories to arrive at the Moon;

ћ               cable systems dynamics;

ћ               neuronets for space vehicles adaptive control;

ћ               energy conserving control and nanosputnik dynamics land tests methods;

ћ               guaranteeing of international space station flight programs from different control centers;

ћ               influence of the Martian atmosphere parameters vagueness information on pilot space vehicle movement;

ћ               development and improvement of devices and its elemental base for navigation systems;

ћ               automatic and automatized control by modern space vehicles;

ћ               perspective branches of aerospace devices intellectual control systems development and cotrol.

An actuality of the listed subjects was directly corresponded to the modern Russian and world cosmnautics problems.

Science intensive technologies application for space-rocket devices production and land testing was the discussion subject of the section sittings "Science intensive technologies in space-rocket devices" and "Land testing of jet propulsion systems and space vehicles heat-vacuum tests". There were 90 participants on the sittings and 30 reports were heard. All of the heard reports were devoted to solution of the actual problems of creation, land testing and operation of space-rocket devices:

ћ               failsafety and environmental safety of operation of space-rocket devices used to discover near and deep space in the interests of national economy the Earth civilization progress as a whole;

ћ               global informatization of aerospace branch enterprises, creation of corporative geographically distributed informational telecommunicational control systems by enterprises, to introduce to day-to-day practice an interacting electronic technical instructions (IETI) and other CALS-technologies elements providing informational support of space-rocket devices all through life cycle stages, restructuring of business processes, creation of computerized integrated productions (CIP) to make more close and complete integration of Russian aerospace branch to the world economic community;

ћ               to introduce to aerospace devices development industrial process the environmental safety science intensive resource- and energy-saving technologies, to provide the achievement of Russia to the world science intensive technologies market;

ћ               land testing of perspective jet propulsion systems of spaceships and carrier rocket is the one of the ways to provide its high failsafety;

ћ               mathematical modelling and experimental land testing of space vehicles thermal conditions.

Global problems of the modern civilization in which solution astronautics takes part, and cosmic activity economics investigations were discussed on sections work "Astronautics and sustainable development of society (conceptions, projects, solutions)" and "Cosmic activity economics". There were 60 persons who took part on these sections sittings and made 26 reports. The reports discussed the following questions:

ћ               astronautics' role at solution of the main problems of civilization;

ћ               astronautics, socio-economic development and environmental safety;

ћ               cosmic informational technologies as a socio-economic development factor;

ћ               cosmic education, new educational technologies of the XXI^th century;

ћ               perspectives of space mastering technique and technology development, of natural catastrophes prevention;

ћ               global partneship in perspective cosmic technologies sphere;

ћ               perspectives of development of Russian cosmic service market and its individual components;

ћ               economics safety of cosmic activity investment projects, system of arising treats, their list, their list and classification;

ћ               estimation of economics component of globe international agreements and it's governing on different cosmic market segment.

The present readings revealed an increased interested from the direction of space-rocket branch and financial structures to concrete cosmic projects, to forming and perfection of the modern control structures, of progressive control and investment activity methods.

Questions of space-rocket devices history are very actual for the modern astronautics, because they are an objective source to describe and analyse a role of the native astronautics past doings and progress for its development. They discussed on section sittings "History of space-rocket devices" reports by the following subjects:

ћ               science work elaboration by the native astronautics history;

ћ               opening of valuable historical experience of the native military cosmic activity;

ћ               opening of the recently international collaboration experience in sphere of perfection uninhabited space vehicles programs;

ћ               defending of the worlds significance of K.E.Tsiolkovsky and the native astronautics pioneers against their slander attempts in some mass media.

Section "Exploration of the space mastering pioneers' scientific work" has devoted its work to opening scientific work of academician B.V. Raushenbakh, academician V.N. Chelomey and academician D.I. Kozlov. There were the following reports:

ћ                                             A.K. Platonov, R.K. Kazakova, "B.V. Raushenbakh is the man of "two cultures"";

ћ                                             Smolensk and Kaliningrad Metropolitan Kirill, "To the memory of academician B.V. Raushenbakh";

ћ                                             E.V. Sayko, Doctor of philosophic sciences, "Activity diversity and personality integrity of B.V. Raushenbakh";

ћ                                             N.M. Trukhan, "A talent to be a man";

ћ                                             V.K. Isaev, "Touches to B.V. Raushenbakh's portrait";

ћ                                             E.V. Kuleshov, "V.N. Chelomey as the scientist and founder of the firm "NPO Mashinostroenia"";

ћ                                             V.A. Gribkov, "Scientific and pedagogical activity of V.N. Chelomey";

ћ                                             Yu.L. Tarasov, "The chief designer (on the occasion of 85^th anniversary of the birth)".