Scientific Conference XXXI-st
Academic Conference on Astronautics
dedicated to
Academician S.P.Korolev's 100th
Anniversary Analytical
Survey ( Е.I.Alexeeva A.A.Dorodnitsyn Computing 40,
Vavilova, A.K.Medvedeva
From The Conference were opened with a plenary meeting and traditional speech of
Organizing Committee Chairman Academician B.E.Chertok.
He spoke about S.P.Korolev, about main events and
style of work of the Chief Designer of rocket engineering. N.S.Koroleva,
S.P.Korolev's daughter, spoke about life and creative
work of the great Designer. Members of the first group of cosmonauts P.R.Popovich, B.V.Volynov, V.N.Kubasov and S.P.Korolev's
companion V.D.Vachnadze shared their impressions of
personal contacts with Sergey Pavlovich. President
and General Designer of Rocket and Space Corporation (RSC) "Energiya"
N.N.Sevastyanov made a report and said that the
Corporation had developed some suggestions on progress concept of Russian Astronautics
up to 2050. He also stressed that available technological reserve enables to
implement manned moon flight by 2015 and found a permanent Moon base starting
commercial development by 2030. According to preliminary plans, manned Mars
flight will be realizable by 2030. The second plenary meeting was
dedicated to creative work of Academician V.P.Mishin,
who was S.P.Korolev's closest companion and his first
deputy in the field of scientific-research and design works. Dean of Aerospace
faculty of MAI and Corresponding Member of RAS O.M.Alifanov
made his report "Academician V.P.Mishin: life and
creative work (dedicated to his 90th Anniversary)". General Designer and General
Manager of S.A.Lavochkin Association Professor G.M.Polischuk made his report "Promising Automatic
Spacecrafts Produced by S.A.Lavochkin Association for
Fundamental Research (Dedicated to the 70th Anniversary of S.A.Lavochkin Association)" on behalf of the author group.
As is known, since 1965 S.A.Lavochkin Association has
been a central factory of rocket-space industry on development of automatic
space complexes for fundamental scientific research. Their sphere of research
includes: planets (Mars, Venus) and the Moon; asteroids; the Sun;
solar-terrestrial relations; space plasma physics; minor celestial bodies of
Solar system. Within the framework of the Conference
three circular tables were held on the following topics. Circular
table "Promising Aerospace Missions and Technologies". Presenters:
Academician B.E.Chertok, space pilot A.P.Aleksandrov. Discussed areas: Moon strategies of Circular table
"Application of Products of Space Activities to the interests of industrial
sectors and regions of Circular table "Commercial
Perspectives of Space Activities: Scenarios of Real and Potential Requirements
in Innovative Products of the Sector". In discussion participated
representatives of: State Duma of Russian Federation,
Roscosmos, Ministry of Defense, leading aerospace
corporations, aerospace universities. The following
topics were discussed: -
real state and perspectives of
commercial space activities market; -
economic-organizational support and
personnel of commercial space activities; -
application of products of space
activities as a way of innovative development of potential consumers; -
conversion
and commercialization as the replication tools of products of space activities. The XXXIst Academic Conference consist
of two tens of sections. Therefore it is reasonable to structure them according
to their subjects and form some units. Five units can be formed. The first one includes three
sections: "Aircrafts. Design and Construction", "Automatic Spacecrafts for
Planetary and Astrophysical Research. Design, Construction, Tests and
Calculation", "Ground-Based Infrastructure Units of Rocket Complexes". The second one is devoted to
rocket engines and includes four sections: "Astronautics Development and
Fundamental Problems of Gas Dynamics, Combustion and Heat Transfer", "Founders
of Aerospace Propulsion Engineering and Problems of Theory and Construction of
Aircraft Engines", "Space Power Engineering and Space Electric Propulsion
Systems as Current Problems of Quality Ensuring, High Tech", "Combined Propulsion
Units for Hypersonic and Air-Space Vehicles". The third one is dedicated to
the problems of navigation and consists of three sections: "Applied Celestial
Mechanics and Motion Control", "Space Navigation and Robotics", "Control
Systems for Space Vehicles and Complexes". The forth one concerns
industrial aspects and includes three sections: "High-End Technologies in
Rocket Engineering", "Ground Development of Jet Engines and Thermovacuum
Tests of Spacecrafts", "Production of Rocket Engineering Constructions". The fifth one is
dedicated to the aspects of humanities in the field of Astronautics and
consists of five sections: "Economics of Space Activities", "Astronautics and
Steady Progress of Society", "Aerospace Education and Young People's Problems",
"Space Biology and Medicine", "Astronautics and Culture". Sections named
"Research of Scientific Creative Work of the Pioneers in Space Exploration" and
"History of Rocket Engineering" are rather special and
thus can not be related to any of the listed units. At the meeting of
the first unit section "Aircrafts. Design and Construction" research and
development issues were traditionally discussed representing pioneer works with
5-10 year perspective. The latter varies from adoption of new design decisions
and materials to global programs like renovation of concepts of space
communication, navigation of Earth remote sensing, creation of lunar bases. At the meeting of
the section the following problems were considered this year: -
program developments of M.V.Khrunichev Research and -
projects of new powerful rockets
operating on methane-oxygen fuel which are being actively developed abroad;
program of Russian space shuttle "Clipper"; -
development
program of small and microsatellites for
communication systems, Earth remote sensing, navigation, needs of emergency and
natural resources control. According to the
opinion of participants, these problems, associated with technological leap of
aerospace branch and related fields, demand some special State Program. Besides
that, all participants approved of the idea that Korolev's
Conference could become a place for open-minded and just discussions being free
of market aims of organizations and their private interests. Some constructive
remarks were made concerning: a dead work of establishing our Moon program with
financing of less that 3% from the corresponding American program; "Energiya" scheme on the basis of existing boost modules
with a large amount of dockings or S.A.Lavochkin
Association's scheme which repeats G.N.Babakin's
vehicles, at the best only copy 37 years old "Apollo" and do not make a
long-life "zero cycle" of manned lunar base. At
the meeting of "Automatic Spacecrafts for Planetary and Astrophysical Research. Design,
Construction, Tests and Calculation" section a large variety of papers were
presented and discussed. The following areas could be highlighted: -
discussion of space systems projects
for promising areas of planetary and fundamental astrophysical research; -
modern scientific and design
developments, new methods for calculation of main parameters of systems and
devices, test and operation experience of existing space engineering; -
Earth remote sensing from space. -
Another group of problems discussed at
this unit of sections was associated with "Ground-Based Infrastructure Units of
Rocket Complexes". The main scientific trends of this area are the following: -
development and application of
automated resource-saving and information technologies in launcher building; -
research of characteristics of
gas-dynamic, acoustic, dynamic and thermal processes in launching equipment
during the period of preparation and launching of rocket systems; -
development of
diagnostic techniques of operating conditions of launching and engineering
complexes' technological equipment, modeling and optimal control of launching
equipment operation. Participants of the
second unit's sections meetings on fundamental problems of gas dynamics,
combustion and heat transfer discussed the following problems: -
theoretical and experimental
(including full-scale) research of exhaust emission problem of modern
spacecrafts; -
latest results of combustion processes
and combustion knock of homogeneous and heterogeneous fuel blends research
aimed at development of promising air-breathing jet engines for modern flying
vehicles; -
research of physical-chemical
processes in the flows containing fine-dispersed particles of condensed phase;
latest results of research of cluster formation model, nucleation speed and
phase transfer for certain substances; -
new software products, methods and
computational models development aimed at expanding of computational
experiments potential in the framework of new space programs, including
numerical simulation in the problems of radiation gas dynamics; -
review of
the latest results in computational and experimental research of operation
processes in the circuits of promising engines for high-speed flying vehicles
(including hypersonic combustion in ducts). The subject of
"Aerospace Propulsion Engineering and Problems of Theory and Construction of
Aircraft Engines" was considered by the participants of the corresponding
section on the vital issues of liquid-propellant engine construction: -
design and development of solid fuel
rocket engines; -
results of fission-type propulsions
and rocket-ramjet engines; -
conversion
application of liquid-propellant engines. The subject of
"Combined Propulsion Units for Hypersonic and Air-Space Vehicles" included the
following urgent issues: -
creation of
hypersonic air breathing engines for aerospace and artillery application with
gas-dynamic (instead of geometric) flow control in circuits of air-gas channel.
Results of these studies include an idea of creation of thermogasdynamic
fairing aimed to reduce head resistance and to develop thermal protection of
spacecraft landing capsules; -
creation of aerospace engines of a new
type: pulsating detonating engines; -
formation of
optimal appearance of propulsion units with Mach numbers of 4..5. The listed issues
were also considered at the previous Conference. At the XXXIst
Conference they acquired deeper theoretical justification and practical
orientation. The third unit
included the subject "Applied Celestial Mechanics and Motion Control". It was
presented by the following aspects: -
research of natural celestial bodies
(asteroids) motion and observation over the latter, flight dynamics and motion
control of artificial spacecrafts in outer space and in the atmosphere, systems
of satellite orientation and stabilization, etc.; -
results concerning "Photon M- -
creation of
active magnetic control system for TNS-0 nanosatellite;
investigation of 99942 Apophis (2004 MN4) asteroid
discovered in 2004 which is approaching the Earth, consideration of collision
risk and orbit correction. Two main problems were
discussed in the framework of "Space Navigation and Robotics" section: -
space navigation and ballistics-navigational
support of the flights; -
robotic
sensing complex and instruments for navigation measurements. The third unit also
included the subject of "Control Systems for Space Vehicles and Complexes". At
the meetings of corresponding section the following problems were discussed:
concepts of development, calculation and design methods for automatic and
automated control over various objects of RST; promising directions of
development and creation of intelligent control systems for such objects.
Special attention in reports was given to the problems of information
processing in control systems and increasing of their operation accuracy,
latest computational and design technologies, problems of simulation and
ground-based tryout of these systems. Production-related issues of rocket
engineering were represented at the meetings of the forth unit of sections. The subject of
"High-End Technologies in Rocket Engineering" was aimed at discussion of actual
problems of rocket engineering creation and operation: -
reliability and environmental safety
of rocket engineering operation while researching near and deep space for
national economy needs and for global progress of terrestrial civilization; -
global informatization
of aerospace industry, creation of corporate geographically distributed
informational telecommunicational control systems for
enterprises, introduction of interactive electronic technical manuals and other
elements of IPI-technologies, which provide information support for rocket
engineering products at every stage of life cycle, into day-to-day practice,
restructuring of business processes, creation of computerized integrated
industries to enhance integration of Russian aerospace sector with
international economic community; -
introduction of high-end resource
saving and energy efficient environmentally safe technologies into production
process of aerospace engineering, entry of Russia to the international market
of high-end technologies. The
subject of "Production of Rocket Engineering Constructions" included the
problems of production and industrial arrangement of rocket engineering.
Reports depict developments in the field of the whole spectrum of high-end
rocket engineering technologies: procurement processes, machining,
physical-chemical processing methods, assembling, part sensing and testing of
construction units, details and systems. At the meeting special attention was
given in particular to the problems of producing constructions of composite
materials. Promising technological methods were represented in papers on ultrajet, magnetic-impulse processing technologies and on
traditional machining. The latter included in particular the problems of
improving the surface layer and surface condition diagnostics. Major part of
the reports was devoted to the problems of blank production, e.g. moulding, sheet stamping, heat-resistant alloy doping,
commonly used in rocket engineering. Innovative methods of functional coverage laying were submitted in the papers. Essential part of
reports was traditionally devoted to the problems of assembling and control of
large-size, low-rigid constructions e.g. reflector with The subject of
"Ground Development of Jet Engines and Thermovacuum
Tests of Spacecrafts" included the following problems discussed: -
heat pipe application for the systems
of thermal conditions securing in spacecrafts; research of continuous service
of insulating polymeric materials in spacecraft constructions and new technique
for accelerated tests of thermal and mechanical properties of polymeric
materials using predictive modeling; -
bench tests on diagnostics and dynamic
parameter definition for fuel tank system using specially developed
software-mathematical support which enabled to reveal some system
characteristics of new quality; -
comparative
result estimate of full-scale tests of spacecraft thermal conditions providing
system at launch position and at the orbit with tests in thermovacuum
chamber. Various
aspects of humanities were depicted in papers of the fifth unit's sections.
Reports and messages represented at the section of "Economics of Space
Activities" were devoted to diverse problems of development and improvement of
space economics in our country and in conditions of global space market. The
following problems should be highlighted: development of Russian space activity
strategy, nationally-oriented space projects and programs, industry reformation
strategy and restructuring concepts of industry, enterprises and organizations;
aerospace industry marketing and management system creation and development,
problems and prospects of aerospace innovative and investment projects,
research of different level space project development and realization
financing; aspects of space activities of the leading countries at the global
space market; personnel training in the field of engineering and economics for
rocket-space industry. Actively discussed problems considered at the section
meeting of "Astronautics and Steady Progress of Society" were the following:
space activities in Russia, development prospects, international law and space
activities; development prospects of space and Moon exploration techniques;
planning and management problems, problems of economic protection, system
engineering of RKD, RKD environmental safety; asteroid protection with help of
rocket engineering means. Section's main task is to discuss and draw attention
to the problems of interdependent development of Astronautics and society, to
investigate objective laws of this development for nowadays and future, to
reveal the promising trends of Astronautics development. "Aerospace
Education and Young People's Problems" section held four meetings. The first
one was devoted to the problems of higher aerospace education. It is generally
accepted to divide these problems into objective, associated with economic
growth problems, and subjective, concerning reforms of education system. The
latter ones are the most urgent and pressing at the moment. At the second
meeting Conference' participants discussed methods for engineers training for
hi-end technology industries and first of all for aviation and rocket
engineering. Special attention was given to pre-university training of students
and their professional orientation. At the section's third meeting different
directions in satellite technologies in education were considered. At the forth
meeting papers from students, post-graduate students and young scientists were
submitted, concerning the prospects of domestic carrier rockets modernization,
solid-propellant rocket control engines development, "Spirit" Mars rover's
wheels and suspension construction improvement, creation of simulation methods
for numerous spacecraft constellations interactions in conditions of conflict
situations, design of aerospace vehicle able to reenter the Earth atmosphere
after completing Mars expedition, etc. As always, subject of "Astronautics and
Culture" section attracted attention of scientific and cultural society. The
section concentrates on the problems of interconnection and interference of Astronautics
and culture in various spheres and arouses interest in different scientific,
cultural and engineering groups of specialists. The papers were represented by:
scientists, historians, art specialists, museologists,
journalists, space pilots, composers, engineers. Astronautics is considered not
only as a scientific production branch but also as a cultural phenomenon which
qualitatively changes the essence of our civilization. The section's program
includes discussing the prospects of Astronautics development by means of
literature and arts (music, painting, sculpture, and architecture), scientific
and cultural organizations (museums, archives, libraries) and mass media. The
authors hope that this will help the further development of Astronautics,
culture and society on the whole. The subject of "Space biology and Medicine"
was considered at the corresponding section. Main attention was given to
biomedical support of manned space flights. The majority of reports were devoted
to development of promising life support systems for long-duration space
flights. Different technologies were considered which allow a person to exist
in pressurized volume being isolated from the Earth for a long period of time.
The submitted results prove high efficiency of life support systems based on
biogenic methods of environment regeneration. Critical appraisals were given to
the prospects of various environment regeneration methods and their
applicability for interplanetary missions of the nearest future. Critical
issues were discussed which need to be thoroughly considered nowadays during
preparations for manned interplanetary missions. Results of promising
technologies were represented which allow safety level improvements for space
flights. The majority of submitted conclusions result from long-term
fundamental research aboard "Mir" orbital complex and Russian segment of
International Space Station (ISS). These results are also of application
significance for preparation and realization of the future interplanetary space
flights (Moon, Mars). As the XXXIst
Academic Conference on Astronautics were dedicated to the 100th
Anniversary of Academician S.P.Korolev, two thirds
(six out of nine) of the papers submitted at the section of "Research of Scientific
Creative Work of the Pioneers in Space Exploration" were timed to coincide with
this date. V.E.Bugrov's report devoted to S.P.Korolev's creative development and to the destiny of
Mars manned mission was accompanied by presentation showing both the documents
of the past and up-to-date computer models. Much attention was drawn to the
paper of one of space exploration Pioneers and participants of American Space
Program, W. von Braun's companion Dr. Puttkamer from
NASA. American scientist made an extensive report dedicated to S.P.Korolev's 100th Anniversary, gave S.P.Korolev his due in space exploration, drew parallels
between Soviet and American space programs, and concluded by examples of
today's cooperation of Russia and the US in this field. The second NASA
representative was A.Siddiki who covered life and
creative work of S.P.Korolev submitted by Western
publications and stressed some grand problems still left in that area.
According to the speakers from RGANTD (L.V.Uspenskaya
with colleagues) the problems can be solved using up-to-date
Internet-technologies for popularization of scientific heritage of space
exploration pioneers. Site-exhibition dedicated to S.P.Korolev's
100th Anniversary (www.rgantd.ru)
was demonstrated to the participants right in the
lecture-hall. P.N.Grunberg's report contained new
publications from RGANTD collection concerning life and creative work of S.P.Korolev. An extremely interesting paper on K.E.Tsiolkovskiy's personality and work and their influence
on S.P.Korolev was given by Yu.V.Biryukov. In the framework of "Research of Scientific
Creative Work of the Pioneers in Space Exploration" section meeting
presentation of the second revised and supplemented volume of B.E.Chertok's Memoirs "Rakety i lyudi" ("Rockets and People"):
"Podlipki - Kapustin Jar - Tyuratam"
took place. The opening speech was delivered by Academician V.P.Legostaev.
Boris Evseevich spoke about the process of volume
revision. Rocket engineering historical aspects considered at the meeting are
rather urgent for modern Astronautics because they serve as objective source
for description and analysis of events and achievements of domestic Astronautics'
past times and for its development. The section for the first time worked in
form of books presentation including the first book of "History of
Sensing-Control Complex for Spacecraft Control: from the Origins to |
© 1995-2008 Kazan State University