CONTENTS
ABSóESSED AND PROLONGED PNEUMONIA: CLINICAL PARALLELS AND THEIR INTERPRETATIONComparison of laboratory indices obtained in 63 patients with abscessed pneumonia and in 67 patients with prolonged pneumonia with the indices of 39 volunteers showed that the manifestation of lympho-cytopenia, monocytopenia, hypergammaglobulinemia and acute phase blood reactions is similar in these two diseases. Immunocomplexinemia and anemia are more pronounced in abscessed pneumonia. The decrease of the content of mononuclears in peripheric blood in these two forms of pneumonia can be a sign of their active migration in the lesion zone, but not an immunodeficiency symptome; and one of anemia mechanisms is probably the immunocomplex and/or drug - induced hemolysis. EFFECT OF TEST WITH MAGNESIUM LOAD ON ELECTROLYTE METABOLISM INDICES IN HEALTHY PERSONSEffect of load test with magnesium sulfate on laboratory indices of electrolyte metabolism in healthy persons is studied. The concentration of magnesium, potassium, calcium and sodium ions in blood serum and urine before and after test with magnesium load is determined. Average content of magnesium ions in day urine increases more than two fold Significant growth of calcium ions in urine and daily excretion of calcium with urine is noted. Percent of magnesium excretion with urine was on the average 19,2% suggesting the possible presence of latent magnesium deficiency in persons under examination. EFFECT OF HYPERVENTILATION ON IMMUNOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL BLOOD INDICES IN HEALTHY PERSONSIt is known, that the hyperventilation syndrome can take priority of bronchial asthma development. In this work the study of hyperventilation influences (VE = 40 1/min during 20 min) on activities of acid-base balance, ionic status, biogenic amines content, corticosteroids, acetylcholinoid substances, peroxide lipid oxidation activity and the numerical structure of separate lymphocytes/monocytes blood subpopulations of 90 volunteers was carried out. It is detected, that hyperventilation provokes considerable shiftings of internal environment operation factors and change of regulatory interconnections between immunological and biochemical blood markers. The hyperventilation syndrome model can be used to study of nonspecific immunoregulation mechanisms and individual immune recognition characteristics. PECULIARITIES OF IMMUNE SYSTEM AND CENTRAL HEMODYNAMICS IN PATIENTS WITH TONSILLITIS DEPENDING ON THE LEVEL OF CARDIAC TROPONINE T IN BLOOD SERUMThe increase of the level of cardiac troponine T in blood serum suggesting the presence of tonsillogenic lesion of myocardium is noted in 15,2% of patients with tonsillitis in early and late convalescence periods. The content of immunocompetent cells with cytotoxicity function (T-cytotoxic lymphocytes and natural killers) increases in acute period of tonsillitis in blood serum of patients with the increased level of troponine T. Arterial oscillometry, two-dimensional and doppleroechocardiography show the decrease of minute volume of blood circulation and cardiac index as well as the decrease of systolic function and diastolic cardiac relaxation in patients with tonsillitis with the elevated level of troponine T. IMMUNE HOMEOSTASIS IN PULMONARY TUBERCULOSISThe possibility of early diagnosis of tuberculosis and prediction of its course on the basis of the developed complex of clinical, immunologic and biochemical tests is studied. The increase of content of IgM and HLA-DR+-lymphocytes, the decrease of concentration of mucinous antigene 3EG5, the number of lymphocytes and subpopulations of cells, expressing CD3+-, CD4+, CD8+-markers are the criteria of possible development of destructive forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. DEVELOPMENT OF POSTRESECTIONAL GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX AND METHODS OF ITS INTRAOPERATIVE CORRECTIONThe incidence rate of reflux-esophagitis in postoperative period in 44 patients with complicated pyloroduodenal ulcers and tumors of the distal part of stomach is analysed. It is established that the Bilrot-1 stomach resection results in the increase of the Gis angle and the development of gastroesophageal reflux. The combination of stomach resection with extraorgan tractional sutures and esophagofundoplication is suggested. The use of prophylactic measures made it possible to decrease the incidence of reflux-esophagitis in postoperative period. DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF COMPLICATIONS OF DIVERTICULA OF DUODENUMThe results of diagnosis and treatment of 149 patients with diverticula of duodenum are analysed. The typical clinical picture and complications of diverticula of duodenum depending on localization are established. The basic diagnosis methods are described and their informativity is estimated. The indications to surgical treatment and the principles of choosing the form of operative interventions are concretized. PREDICTION OF VOLUME OF OPERATIVE INTERVENTION IN STOMACH CANCER BASED ON COMPLEX ECHOGRAPHY DATAThe possibilities of complex echography in the determination of stomach cancer spread and involving of vessels of great and small arterial ring in the tumoral process are studied. The ultrasound examination with color dopplex carting of blood flow of 45 patients aged 28-70 showed that the resistance index decreases in the presence of germination of the malignant stomach tumor in vessels. The estimation criteria of stomach cancer spread on vessels are distinguished. It is concluded that ultrasound angiography data play a significant part in the prediction of volume of operative intervention. ALGORITHM OF COMPLEX DIAGNOSIS OF TUMORS OF RETROPERITONEAL SPACEOn the basis of complex radiation examination of 1847 patients using ultrasound examination (in 2500 observations), 607 patients using ultrasound exami-nation 1854 patients using computer tomography, 167 patients using cholangiopancreatography, 167 patients using thin needle biopsy with ultrasound examination or computer tomography, the algorith of complex radiation diagnosis of tumors of retroperitoneal space is developed which significantly decreased radiation load on patients, increased the informativity of diagnosis of tumors of retroperitoneal space. PECULIARITIES OF ECHOGRAPHY OF LIVER IN COLORECTAL CANCERThe possibilities of early manifestation of the metastatic lesion of liver in solving the problem of the selection of the method of surgical treatment are studied. It is established that the use of two-dimensional ultrasound examination of liver with doppler carting of blood flow, determination of echo-density of various parts of liver panenchyma as well as the study of tumor markers in patients with colorectal cancer makes it possible to improve the diagnosis of the metastatic cancer of liver at early stages. EXPERIENCE OF USING ALPHA-ADRENOBLOCëAERS IN URINE RETENTION IN PATIENTS WITH PELVIC FRACTURESFunctional disorders of lower urinary tract in patients with pelvic fractures, secondary disorders of urodynamics up to acute urine retention and infections of urine tract are studied, and the effect of alpha-adrenoblocker tamsulosin on recovery of natural urine passage is estimated. It is established that development of infection and disfunction of lower urinary tract in patients of the given group are interrelated, complications occur rather often. Invasive procedures sach as prolonged and repeated catheterizations often result in aggravation of complications. The method suggested is simple, uninvasive and allows to decrease the rate of disfunctional complications, has effect on arresting infection of lower urinary tract. ON THE OUTBREAK OF INFECTIONAL ERITHEMA AMONG CHILDREN IN ENDEMIC REGIONThe outbreak of infectional erithema in Udmurt Republic (Izhevsk and Vavozh region) is recorded. Clinical and epidemiologic diagnosis is established in 140 persons. Blood serum is studied by immunoenzyme analysis method to parvovirus in 50 children in the G.N. Gabrichevsky Institute of Ministry of Health of Russia. Positive result is obtained in 46 (80%) children, in this case IgM is found in 23 persons, and IgG - in 46 persons. The necessity to diagnose the infectional erithema at the level of primary section of Health Service and its more detailed study to prevent the disease risk among pregnants is emphasized. USE OF POLIOXIDONY IN THE REITER DISEASEThe mechanisms of effect of the immunoactive drug polioxidony in 50 patients with the Reiter disease are studied and its efficiency is estimated. The high clinical efficiency of the drug in patients with persisting course of urogenital chlamidia infection is shown. Use of polioxidony in the Reiter disease reliably provided normalization of immune homeostasis in the organism, favourably influenced the system of lipid peroxide oxidation and had the desintoxicating effect. INDUSTRIAL ENVIRONMENT AND PROFESSIONAL MORBIDITY OF WORKERSProfessional morbidity in Tatarstan Republic during 1997-2001 is studied. Factors and conditions causing the professional diseases were imperfection of technological processes, structural drawbacks of machines and equipment, disorders of safety measures, lack of individual protection and other reasons. Professional morbidity structure in Tatarstan Republic is characterised by high degree of pathology as a result of the effect of physical factors: vibration disease and neurosensor deafness. Periodical medical examinations do not reveal professional disease at early stages, in each fifth patient it is diagnosed at late stage. Each forth case is accompanied by loss of professional capacity. HYGIEGIC ESTIMATION OF TRANSFORMATION OF COMPLEX ORGANIC SUBSTANCES RESULTING FROM DECONTAMINATION OF WATER BY CHLORINEIt is established that galogenized products forming by chlorization of water containing complex organic contaminants (pesticides, aromatic amines detergents) present significant hazard for human health. Galo-genized products forming by chlorammonia treatment of water are of maximum toxicity. At the same time products of chlorization by strong oxidants (chlorine dioxide, gaseous chlorine) in this connection are less active. Not only more pronounced general toxicity but remote effects (embryogonadotoxic, mutagenous) are typical of galogenized products. ALIMENTARY STATUS OF CHILDREN OF ABORIGINAL POPULATION OF THE NORTHHÕgenic estimation of actual nourishment and biochemical indices of alimentary status of pupils of aboriginal population in the Polar North is given. It is established that actual nourishment of children is not completely bolanced. Some biochemical laws of transfer of children from the North to "European" type of nourishment characterised by higher use of carbohydrates are shown. Metabolic changes characterictic for aboriginal population of the North are not genetically determined and are formed in the process of ontogenesis. MEDICOSOCIAL ASPECTS OF REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH OF THE GIRLS AGED 12-16The development of the reproductive axis is thought to be a gradual process, but our understanding of the complex endocrine changes that accompany the transition from premenarche to reproductive life in women. We studied 651 girls aged 12-16, determined the anthropologic indicators, the age of menarche, the state of reproductive system by sexual formula and ultrasound research, then studied the gynecologic morbidity and its structure depending on medical and social risk factors. CLINICOEPIDEMIOLOGIC CHARACTERISTICS OF CHOLERA OUTBREAK IN KAZANCholera outbreak with spreading out to Almetevsky and Vysokogorsky regions of Tatarstan Republic was recorded in July-August 2001. In epidemiologic investi-gation the fact of smimming in the unfit reservoir of the microregion Azino-1 where sewage appearred as a result of the sewer-pipe damage is revealed. Family seats were formed including contact-domestic ways of spreading. The analysis of outbreak results shows its external nature typical to the decade of clinicoepidemiologic development of the disease. © 1995-2008 Kazan State University |