CONTENTS
PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASEIschemic heart disease represents the major cause of death in the community. Treatment modalities have been thoroughly developed ensuring reduction in cardio-vascular risks. However pharmacoepidemiology studies prove that physicians and patients themselves poorly follow evidence-based recommendations. Patterns, reasons and consequences are being addressed. POSTPONED COMPLICATIONS OF ENTEROCYSTOPLASTICS, THEIR PROPHYLACTICS AND TREATMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CYSTECTOMY DUE TO BLADDER INVASIVE CANCERThe results of surgical treatment of 198 patients with urinary bladder cancer are presented. The possible postponed postoperative complications are highlighted. It is concluded that prophylaxis of these complications could help to avoid the progression to chronic pyelonephritis, urolithiasis, kidney insufficiency, and chloremic acidosis. IRRIGATIONAL UTERHEROSCOPY IN THE THERAPY OF CHRONIC NON-SPECIFIC URETHRITIS IN MENThe necessity of the irrigational urethroscopy in treatment of chronic nonspecific urethritis in men is discussed. The reason and mechanisms of developments of relapses are studied. The role of urethroscopy in identification of accurate localization of inflammatory process in different parts of the male urethra and its importance for choosing the adequate pharmacotherapy of urethritis are particularly underlined. NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF ENURESIS IN CHILDRENComplex clinico-neurophysiological examination of children at the age of 5-15 years was carried out. In patients with clinical manifestation of microfocal neurological symptoms reduction of excitatory propagation along corticospinal tract as well as different variants of polysynaptic reflector excitation were detected. Statistically significant differences were found between intensity of clinical signs and results of neurophysiological examination. Results suggest the presence of minimal brain dysfunction in such patients. INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON ALLERGIC MORBIDITY IN CHILDRENComplex hygienic evaluation of environment contamination of city districts was carried out. It was found that mothers working in chemical and oil-chemical enterprises or living close to such enterprises have children with higher level of allergic diseases. The correlation was found between allergic morbidity in children and pollution of atmospheric air. These results suggest the necessity to establish prophylactic steps to reduce children allergic morbidity. THE REASONS OF PURULENT-SEPTIC WOUND COMPLICATIONS AFTER SURGICAL TREATMENT OF JAMMING VENTRAL HERNIAThe possible reasons of purulent-septic wound complications after surgical treatment of jamming ventral hernia were analyzed. Mostly the cohort was represented by old female patients. It was found that more than 40% of the patients were hospitalized at the late stages of the disease, and in 60% of the patients the necessary surgical treatment was delayed for various reasons. Prolongation of the disease and delay of the surgical treatment increased the frequency of purulent-septic wound complications. PECULIARITIES OF SLOW-WAVE PULSE FLUCTUATIONS IN FINGER OF RURAL AND CITY CHILDREN S u m m a r ySlow-wave pulse fluctuations in finger as a marker of activity of regulatory mechanisms of peripheral circulation were studied in middle-school age children living in a country and in a town. It was found that most children have low-frequency fluctuations in slow-wave spectrum of amplitude of finger pulse which indicates to the integral effects of humoro-metabolic factors in regulation of peripheral circulation. The amplitude of pulse fluctuation was found to be lower in city girls; this shows the tension of ontogenetical adaptation processes during pubertal period. CLINICAL AND THERAPEUTICAL PECULIARITIES OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DISORDERS DURING SUBCLINICAL FORMS OF HYPOTHYROIDISMClinico-dynamic peculiarities of psychological disorders in subclinical forms of hypothyroidism were studied, the role of biological, therapeutical and social factors was underlined. The efficacy of psychophar-macological and psychotherapeutical treatment was evaluated. Differential treatment options for these patients were introduced. ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION IN THE PATHOGENESIS OF COMBINED CARDIO-RESPIRATORY PATHOLOGYThe role of endothelial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of the "reciprocal severity" syndrome was studied in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and ischemic heart disease in history. 366 patients with combined and isolated pathology were examined, whom non-invasive evaluation of endothelial function and measurements of serum nitric oxide levels were performed. The higher degree of endothelial dysfunction and the lower serum nitric oxide level were found in patients with combined cardio-respiratory pathology. APPENDECTOMY AS A RISK FACTOR OF COMPLICATIONS OF COLLAPSOTHERAPY OF PATIENTS WITH DRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSISThe frequency of postoperative complications was studied in 305 patients with lung tuberculosis, including 205 with multidrug-resistant, who had or had not appendectomy in history. It was found that patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and appendectomy in anamnesis had two-times higher frequency of postoperative complications than those without appendectomy. SURGICAL TREATMENT OF UNDER-SPIT FRACTURES OF HIPThe results of surgical treatment of 116 patients with subtroehanteric hip fractures were presented. The patients were divided into 3 groups depending on the type of fixation used during the treatment. Patients of the first group were fixed by condylar plates, the second - by dynamic condylar screws, and the third - by proximal femoral nails. All patients were provided with byphoton X-ray absorbtiometria of non-damaged limb's osseous density during preoperative time. The osteosynthesis stability was evaluated by measurement of maximum vertical part on support's reaction of operated limbs during different times after operation. One year after the operations the positive results were obtained in 83,3% of patients of first group, 86,1% in the second and 100% in third group. POSTPONED RESULTS IN PATIENTS WITH HIGH AMPUTATION OF LOW EXTREMITIES AFTER RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERYThe condition of 334 patients who had amputation of low extremities in the last 10 years was evaluated. It was found that the main causes of death of such patients were myocardial infarction or stroke which developed during the first 5 years after the operation. PREGNANCY AND PARTURITION IN TEENAGER GIRLS LIVING IN RURAL AREASPeculiarities of pregnancy and parturition in teenager girls living in rural parts of Nighniy Novgorod and Kirov oblast's were studied. During the last two decades the number of parturition among teenager girls increased reaching 12.8-13.5%. Pregnant teenagers had 2.5 times higher frequency of complications than adult pregnant women (due to anemia, urogenital infections, toxicosis, miscarriages, fetus hypotrophy, etc). MEDICO-SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WOMEN WITH UTERINE CANCER S u m m a r yMedico-social aspects of women morbidity with uterine cancer were studied. Low medical activity of such patients was established, in particular small was the number of patients who regularly were seen by a gynecologist, who were late with doctor's consultation on their medical conditions. The necessity to improve hygienic and medical education of women in childbearing and perimenopausal ages was underlined. REQUIREMENTS OF MEDICAL EMERGENCY CARE IN AN INDUSTRIAL CITYThe calls of patients to emergency units were analyzed during the last 10 years. It was found that in 79.5% of the cases patients were taken from their residency, in 6.6% - from streets, in 5.2% - from places of work. The number of calls was highest in January among all month, on Mondays among all day, between 15.00 and 21.00 hours. BASIC CRITERIA FOR ESTIMATION OF DIAGNOSTIC AND TREATING QUALITY OF GINGIVITISQuality criteria for dentists were introduced in the form of protocols of diagnosis, treatment and rehabilitation of patients based on necessary, complete and scientifically proven algorithms for each disease. Clinical efficacy of these protocols was evidenced by practical quality level of dentists in diagnosis and treatment of gingivitis. CLINICAL ANATOMY AND POLYCLINIC SURGERYFundamental principles of medicine are presented. Establishment of clinical anatomy as a part of general pathology and its place in post-graduate curricula is described. The discipline represents the achievements of the Kazan medical scientific school and is the basis of the approach "Practice - theory -practice". © 1995-2008 Kazan State University |