CONTENTSPROBLEMS AND PERSPECTIVES OF SURGERY OF PORTAL HYPERTENSIONStated are the aspects of surgical treatment of portal hypertension. THE USAGE OF OXYMETHYLURACIL IN THE COMPLEX TREATMENT OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE IN ELDERLY PATIENTSThe usage of oxymethyluracil in treatment of chronic obstructive bronchitis in elderly patients and patients of senile age promotes activation of immunity, makes it possible to achieve an earlier clinical and laboratory remission of the disease, and thus to improve the quality of life compared to that with traditional therapy. OUTPATIENT TREATMENT PRACTICE OF GASTRIC AND DUODENAL ULCERSStudied were the peculiarities of outpatient practice of diagnosing ulcer disease, detecting H. pylori and rationality of administered therapy. Analyzed were the drawbacks of treating patients in the outpatient practices and identified were the ways to address the tactical errors. CORRECTION BY BENZIMIDAZOL DERIVATIVES OF IMMUNODEFICIENCY AND ABNORMALITIES OF LIPID PEROXIDATION CAUSED BY INTENSE PHYSICAL EXERCISE, PERFORMED AT A LOW ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATUREIt has been shown that the usage of benzimidazol acto-protectors in mice leads to a reduction of the depressive impact of stress on the absorption activity of phagocytes and metabolic activity of macrophages. In models of cell and humoral immunity the usage of actoprotectors hindered swimming stress suppression of the immune response in mice. Preventive introduction of tiethasol, bemitil and ethomersol suppressed the activation of lipid peroxidation processes and caused an increase in enzyme antioxidant protection activity in stressed rats. UNBALANCE OF CHEMICAL ELEMENTS AND ITS CORRECTION IN CHILDREN WITH IRRITATED BOWEL DISEASEIn children with irritable bowl syndrome (IBS) found was a significant change of elemental balance in the tissues with the decline of most studied chemical elements in the hair. Correction methods by using drugs with ion exchange properties and drugs containing therapeutic doses of calcium and magnesium helped to enhance the effectiveness of complex treatment of children with IBS. The correction of elemental balance in conjunction with standard treatment methods of IBS was accompanied by reduction of pain syndrome in all types of clinical courses of IBS. THE IMPACT OF RETAINING SUBVALVULAR STRUCTURES DURING MITRAL VALVE REPLACEMENT ON FUNCTIONAL RESTRUCTURING OF THE HEART MUSCLE IN THE IMMEDIATE POSTOPERATIVE PERIOD IN PATIENTS WITH RHEUMATIC HEART DISEASEShown is the fact that retaining papillary chordal continuity promotes maintaining and improving of the functional parameters of the heart muscle in the immediate postoperative period. The absence of papillary-fibrous contact leads to a significant depletion of the contractile function of the myocardium, which does not improve the quality of life of operated patients and can lead to the progression of heart failure. ON EFFICACY OF NONINVASIVE METHODS OF TREATMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSISStated is the understanding of the evolution of opinions on the diagnosis and treatment of atherosclerosis. Proposed is a new non-invasive method of treating atherosclerosis at preclinical stage in high-risk groups of patients. THE INITIAL EXPERIENCE OF TREATING PATIENTS WITH RUPTURED ARTERIAL ANEURYSMS OF THE BRAINShown are the results of surgical treatment of cerebral aneurysms. Direct transcranial intervention was performed on 22 patients, endovascular embolization of aneurysms - on 16. Described are the operative technique and the developed complications. SEVERAL COMPONENTS OF BODY RESPONSE TO DIFFERENT METHODS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF OBLITERATING ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF ARTERIES OF THE LOWER EXTREMITIESCarried out was a complex analysis of biochemical and metabolic changes in the blood of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of arteries of the lower limbs before and after performing different methods of surgical treatment. The character of changes in response to the operation is supposed to be adaptive and is the development of intima hyperplasia and stenotic complications. MINIMALLY INVASIVE SURGERY OF ADRENAL SPACE-OCCUPYING LESIONS USING LATERAL EXPOSUREAnalyzed were the results of surgical treatment of 110 patients with adrenal space-occupying lesions: 55 - using open thoraco-phrenico-lumbotomical access, 55 - using retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy with lateral exposure. Shown is the fact that retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy is a minimally traumatic operation which provides direct access to the adrenal gland and is characterized by minimum complications. THE EXPERIENCE OF PREOPERATIVE ENDOVASCULAR EMBOLIZATION OF THE SPLENIC ARTERY IN THE PROCESS OF SURGICAL TREATMENT OF A PATIENT WITH PORTAL HYPERTENSIONDescribed is the result of the first clinical experience of preoperative endovascular embolization of the splenic artery in a patient with liver cirrhosis and an evident hypersplenism. Described are the technique of the procedure and the course of the postoperative period. Endovascular embolization effectively reduces the risk of intraoperative bleeding in patients with cirrhosis of the liver, enlarged spleen and complicated hypersplenism. THE PECULIARITIES OF HEART INNERVATION IN CHILDREN WITH THE CONGENITAL HEART DISEASEStudied was the autonomic heart innervation in children with congenital heart disease using neuro-histochemical methods. Found were the peculiarities of development of sympathetic and parasympathetic components of innervation of the myocardium in various forms of congenital heart disease in patients of different ages which need to be taken into account during planning and carrying out surgical interventions. PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKES IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUSShown is the fact that the acute period of ischemic strokes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to patients with the same pathogenesis and localization of stroke, but without diabetes is characterized by much more apparent neurologic symptoms, increase of neurological deficits and a worse regress in the dynamics of the disease, as well as prolonged lack of stabilization of the focus of ischemia. MINI-ACCESS IN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF ATHEROSCLEROSIS OF THE CAROTID ARTERIESShown is the fact that the operations on the bifurcation of the carotid arteries can be performed from a mini-access with minimal discomfort and rapid rehabilitation of the patients. THE FIRST EXPERIENCE OF TRANSSPHENOIDAL SURGERY OF TUMORS OF THE CHIASM-SELLAR REGIONSummarized was the first experience of transnasal, transsphenoidal surgery of tumors of the chiasm-sellar region. Its benefits include minimal traumatizing and possibility to perform interventions on tumors which cannot be removes by transcranial approaches. Endovideomonitoring was used as a method which improves visualization. RISK FACTORS FOR DISLOCATION OF THE BRAIN DURING TRAUMATIC SUBDURAL HEMATOMASAn alignment chart has been developed for determining the risk of brain dislocation depending on the volume of subdural hematomas and their combination with other sources of brain compression. The results of the study are recommended for practical use in forensic expertise of craniocerebral injuries with the presence of subdural hematomas. USAGE OF INDUCERS OF INTERFERON IN PATIENTS WITH SPIKY CONDYLOMATOSIS OF ANOGENITAL AREAStudied was the clinical effectiveness of interferon inducers iodantipyrine and amiksin, which was roughly the same - 90.6% and 88.2% respectively. Recommended was selective use of drugs in patients with anogenital condylomatosis and related conditions. In the pathology of the thyroid gland preference should be given to amiksin, in diseases of liver and kidney - to iodantipyrine. THE REACTION OF THE CARDIO-RESPIRATORY SYSTEM OF FIRST-YEAR PUPILS ON DIFFERENT STUDYING LOADS THROUGHOUT THE SCHOOL YEARThe process of adapting the cardio-respiratory system to the studying load in boys and girls of the first year of school differs considerably. In boys the local static load causes unfavorable shifts in the indices of external respiration. In girls weariness of the organism manifests by unfavorable reactions of both - indices of the cardiovascular system and of the system of external respiration in response to dynamic and static loads. HIGH MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN NEUROSURGICAL DEPARTMENT OF INTERREGIONAL CLINICAL AND DIAGNOSTIC CENTERMode of organization of neurosurgical department of ICDC as a micro-neurosurgical clinic of high medical technology is described. Results of its first year functioning (2007) are presented. THE POSSIBILITIES OF THERMOGRAPHY IN DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSIS COMPLICATED BY PORTAL HYPERTENSIONCarried out was an assessment of the use of infra-red colored liquid crystal thermography and remote thermovision in the complex treatment of patients with cirrhosis of the liver, complicated by portal hypertension. The method makes it possible to objectively assess the expressivity of the roundabout blood flow in vascular collaterals of the front abdominal wall. During this, found was a correlation between thermo-graphical indices and ultrasonic and endoscopic findings. THREE-DIMENSIONAL TRANSABDOMINAL ECHOGRAPHY IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF VARICOSE TRANSFORMATION OF ESOPHAGEAL AND GASTRIC VEINS IN PORTAL HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH LIVER CIRRHOSISIt was shown that three-dimensional transabdominal echography, being a high informative diagnostic method, gives objective information about varicose transformation of esophageal veins in patient with liver cirrhosis complicated by portal hypertension. METHODS OF COMPUTER PROCESSING OF X-RAY IMAGES THAT INCREASE THEIR QUALITY AND SELF-DESCRIPTIVENESSDescribed are the new modern information technologies, based on digital principles of obtaining and processing of medical information. Shown is the technique of digital processing of film media information (X-rays and fluorograms), which makes it possible to improve the self-descriptiveness of all studies and the possibility of its storage in electronic archives. DIAGNOSTIC POSSIBILITIES OF TRANSABDOMINAL SONOGRAPHY IN THE DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS OF MALIGNANT TUMORS AND BENIGN GASTRIC ULCERSIn order to determine the differential-diagnostic criteria, analyzed were ultrasound data of gastric investigations of 141 patients with ulceration of the gastric wall. Developed were additional assessment criteria of echo-structure of the gastric wall in normal conditions and with ulcer disease. A differential diagnosis of infiltrative - ulcerous affections of the stomach was carried out. The sensitivity of transabdominal sonography of the stomach using a modified method with a drug-induced wall relaxation in defining various gastric diseases accounted for 97.89%, specificity - 83.33%, accuracy - 96.26%. MODERN APPROACHES TO DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION IN ICDCStudied was the effectiveness of fibrinolytic therapy using alteplase - a tissue plasminogen activator in patients depending on the localization of myocardial infarction. The effectiveness of fibrinolytic therapy by alteplase was 95.5% if administered within 3 hours from the onset of the myocardial infarction and with the requirement "door to needle" time less than 30 minutes. PULSEHEMOINDICATION - A NEW NON-INVASIVE METHOD OF DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT IN THE PRECLINICAL STAGE OF ATHEROSCLEROSISThe aim of the study was to justify pulse-hemoindication as a new clinical non-invasive method of treatment of atherosclerosis in high-risk groups of patients of preclinical stage. The new method of diagnosis and therapy provides a qualitative and quantitative assessment of the functional state of a person in general, to assess the adaptive possibilities of the organism, the dynamics of the patient during treatment, as well as to create an optimal cycle of treatment: diagnosis - therapy - diagnosis. ETHNICALLY CONNECTED HEREDITARY DISEASES IN THE CHUVASH REPUBLICConducted was a genetic-epidemiological study, as a result of which for the first time identified was the significance of the load and variety of hereditary diseases among the titular ethnic nation. The obtained data on the incidence of hereditary diseases among Chuvash people represents an undeniable interest to practitioners not only in Chuvashia, but also of the neighboring regions. THE PULSEHEMOINDICATIONIt was shown that pulsehemoindication can be a useful as a screening test during mass examination of population since it shortens diagnostic time, allows eliminating diagnostic mistakes, and detects persons with border-line conditions "norm-pathology". It is rational to use the method for mass examination in epidemiologically unstable regions, in geochemical and radiation ecology. © 1995-2008 Kazan State University |