CONTENTS
OPTIMIZATION OF THE DIAGNOSIS PROCESS IN LARGE MEDICALThe diagnosis process scheme in the diagnosis centres of large multiprofile hospitals introducing the unit of the physician-diagnostician and the computer system is suggested. The examination and treatment of 1890 patients by this scheme made it possible to reduce the terms of total examination up to determining the clinical diagnosis from sevennine days to one-two days, and the number of prescribed and performed instrumental examinations made it possible to reduce the terms of total examination up to determining the clinical diagnosis from 11-15 days to four-five days per one patient. CLINICOANATOMIC SUBSTANTIATION OF PREVENTING THE INJURY OF NEUROVASCULAR FASCICLES OF THE ANTERIOR ABDOMINAL WALL IN MEDIAN LAPAROTOMY AND DRAINAGE OF THE POSTOPERATIVE WOUNDThe clinical anatomy of the anterior abdominal wall and syntopy of its surface neurovascular fascicles are worked out in detail. On the basis of this the method of low traumatic median laparotomy and the method of selective drainage of the postoperative wound taking into account preservation of basic neurovascular fascicles of the anterior abdominal wall are developed and introduced. CRITERIA OF BIOLOGICAL RELIABILITY OF CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMThe central hemodynamics indices as the criteria of biological reliability of heart functioning in sportsmen are determined by the method of gradually increased physical loads. In this case the limiting values of ventricular ejection can be obtained in loads when chronotropic reaction of the heart does not exceed 150 beats per minute. COMPUTER SPHYGMOGRAPHY FOR THE QUANTITATIVE ESTIMATION OF KINETICS OF MAIN ARTERIESIn 58 healthy persons the contour analysis is performed according to the second derivative of sphygmograms of central and peripheral arteries. It is established that the kinetics characteristics of the vascular arterial wall remain as the pulse wave moves from proximal parts of the arterial system to dystal parts. DINAMICS OF SOMATOSENSORY GENERATED POTENTIALS IN MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROMESIn pronounced pain syndrome the most important functional shifts (the generators of pathologically increased excitement) by recording somatosensory generated potentials are revealed at higher levels than in slight tenderness. At the same time in slight painfulness tenderness a great number of the generators of mild activity are found, showing insufficient activity of antinociceptive system. After treatment a namber of the generators of pathologically increased excitement decrease, at the same time the migration to the caudal parts of nervous system occurs. The neurophysiologic basis for possible worsening myofascial pain syndromes is created. REMOTE RESULTS OF PUNCTURE LASER DISKECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH LUMBAR OSTEOCHONDROSISThe efficiency of remote results of puncture laser diskectomy in patients with vertebral osteochonrosis, with the determination of indications and contraindications to this method is studied. In discal hernia of less than six mm the positive results are obtained in 91,4% of the patients. The total regress of neurologic symptomatology is found in 84,1% of the patients. CORRECTION OF THE OXIDATION STRESS BY TRIMETAZIDINE IN BLOOD OF PATIENTS WITH AFTER MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION CARDIOSCLEROSISThe results of studies of the possibilities and mechanisms of correcting the oxidation stress in patients with cardiosclerosis after myocardial infarction, correlating with stable stress stenocardia of the III functional class are given. The treatment by trimetazidin of 34 patients in the daily dose of 60 mg within two months is carried out. Trimetazidine treatment in patients with angina after myocardial infarction decreases indices of metabolic oxidative stress. Trimetazidine treatment is accompanied by decrease in incidence and severity of angina and increase of physical tolerance. POLYCLINIC STAGE OF REHABILITATION OF PATIENTS AFTER ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTIONThe results of the polyclinic stage of rehabilitation of 295 patients with acute myocardial nifarction are given. The general number of days of temporary disablement (hospital, sana-torium, polyclinic stages) - 112,6+6,92 - 151,2+12,64. As a result of the rehabilitation course 57 (40,1%) patients regained their ability to work, 35 (24,6%) patients restored partially their ability to work, 50 (35,4%) patients got disability the second group. PROGNOSTIC IMPORTANCE OF MICROVESICULATION IN ACUTE PNEUMONIAS IN CHILDREN OF SCHOOL AGEMicrovesiculation is studied in 52 children with acute pneumonia in relation to the nature of inflammatory process course in lungs. The highest indices of microvesiculation marker the activity of 5-nucleotidase enzyme are recorded in cases of focal inflammatory infiltration in the presence of areactive course of the disease. In the classical course of the process the shifts in enzyme indices were less bright. It is shown that the activity of 5-nucleotidase enzyme can be used as the index of inflammatory lesion variant of lungs and process rehabilitation. CONGENITAL LEUKOSIS IN CHILDRENAs many as seven cases of congenital leukosis in children are analysed. The peculiarities of the clinical symptomatology of these patients are established. The use of polychemotherapy, radiation therapy and transplantation of bone marrow in the treatment of acute congenital leukosis is not effective. NEUROLOGIC MANIFESTATION IN CHILDREN PARENTERALLY INFECTED BY AIDSThe rate and spectrum of central nervous system lesion in children parenterally infected by AIDS the rate of clinical manifestations of lesions, life duration of such children are established. The differential diagnosis of nervous system lesion is made difficult due to the high rate of combining various symptoms in one patient, hence there are the complications of selecting the treatment tacties. Tomography, nuclear magnet resonance, brain biopsy should be used, neuropsychologic testing with standard tests should be performed to reveal the early signs of progressive encephalopathy. PECULIARITIES OF HUMORAL ANTIBACTERIAL IMMUNITY IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIASISIt is revealed that in patients with psoriasis the average indices of antibodies to eight of ten microbic antigens of normal microflora under study were significantly decreased in comparison with the indices of healthy persons. After the treatment the endotoxin level in blood was reduced by 10-100 times but did not reach the standard. The results obtained show the essential role of humoral immunity state to endotoxine and the condition of pathogenic intestine microflora in the development and acute condition of psoriasis. PSICHIC DISORDERS IN PATIENTS WITH RENAL COLICThe structure of psychic disorders in renal colic is analysed. They are manifested by alarm, depressions and phobias. The methodical recommendations of using tranquilizers in combined therapy of urolithiasis as well as performing psychotherapeutic correction are developed. FORMATION OF BONE TISSUE AROUND DENTAL MECHANICALLY ACTIVE IMPLANTS WITH FORM MEMORYThe reaction of bone tissue around dental mechanically active implants made of nickelide-titanium alloy with form memory in various terms of grafting is studied. When using ? properties of nickelide-titanium alloy to chauge the geometric form under the effect of oral cavity temperature, to reserve the given form and stress, mechanical activity, the prevention of undensity between implant and bone tissue occurs, improving fixation of fixed and removable prostheses. When interacting mechanically active implants with bone tissue the bone formation process is completed in three months making it possible to begin the prosthetics stage in carlier terms in comparison with other famous implant systems. TO THE PROBLEM OF IRRADIATION DOSING OF POPULATION IN RADIONUCLDE STUDIESIt is shown that with the introduction of new wording of the radiation safety standards - 99 regulating powers of gamma-radiation doses at the distance of one meter from the patient, treated by radiopharma-ceutical drugs, should not exceed three mcSv/h. The number noted is obviously set too high and should be substantiated. Abolition of the adopted standards and statement of the given regulations in the radiation safety standards - 99 in new wording is not proven enough substantiated. ON THE PROBLEMS IN RURAL OF NONWORKING PREGNANT WOMENIn order to study the peculiarities of pregnancy and labor course in nonworking women in rural area the indices obtained are analysed in two groups of women: the first (basic) group - 144 nonworking pregnants, the control group - 156 working pregnants. The complications of pregnancy, in labor and postlabor period are more often in the basic group to anemias, hestoses and kidney diseases, fetus hypotrophy was revealed two times more often. It is possible to avoid some complications of pregnancy and to improve health of women in rural area by introducing the complex of medicosocial measures. MEDICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF MAMMOLOGIC PREVENTIVE EXAMINATIONS OF WOMENThe clinico-medical and economic aspects of mammologic preventive examinations of female workers Perm and Perm region are studied. As many as 61276 women aged 17-72 were examined within 9 years. Various pathologic states were revealed in 9126 (14,9%) cases: diffusive mastopathies - in 7286 (11,9%) women, nodes - in 1840 (3%) women, mammary gland carcinoma- in 62 cases (0,1% examined, 0,7% revealed diseases and 3,4% local formations). The examination cost of all patients was 716490 roubles or on the average, for one women it was 11,7 roubles (0,4$). The cost of revealing one case of breast cancer was 11556 roubles (398$) and without taking into account mammography and ultra sound examination it was 7727 roubles (266$). The cost of revealing each case of cancer or premalignant processes more objectively reflects the economic validity of examinations and their importance in prevention of carcinomas. BEHAVIOUR RISK AMONG CITY YOUTH OF TATARSTANThe study is carried out by anonymous questionnaire using the unrepeated random selection in March, 2000. The object of study was youth aged 15-25 in Kazan with population more than one million and in Naberezhnye Chelny with population more than 500.000. It is shown that the sexual behaviour of Kazan youth comparing with Chelny youth is more relaxed and active especially among of young men. Kazan young people take more care of health (both partners), more often use and have condoms by them and are seldom ingaged in unprotected sex. "CRITICAL" PERIOD IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EPIDEMIC PROCESSOn the basis of general biological laws, connected with intrapopulational variety, the proposition proving that the optimum action time on the epidemic process is the minimum prevalence rate both in long-term and in year dynamics is substantiated. It is shown that both the parasite (shigellosis pathogenes) and host (patients with disenteria) have the least hetero-geneity in the period of minimum disease intensity showing the instable state of parasitical system of the epidemic process. The proposition suggested is substantiated in the epidemiologic experiment on the model of disenteria. The epidemiologic experiment was carried out in five cities of East Siberia. The preventive measures made it possible to decrease shigellosis incidence. © 1995-2008 Kazan State University |