CONTENTS
NEW POSSIBILITIES IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF SCAR ON UTERUSThe comparative estimation of diagnostic possibilities of the ultrasound sonocontrast hysteroscopy and diagnostic hysteroscopy, in examining the state of scar on uterus in remote terms after cesarean section is given. The ultrasound sonocontrast hysteroscopy makes it possible to estimate the state of scar on uterus, the real thickness of anterior wall in scar site, iniches-like myometrium defects, their depth and localizations. The method is rather simple, it is peformed in out patient clinic. The hysteroscopy is most effective in the diagnosis of hyperplastic processes, connective tissue vegetations in scar site, Both methods are of great diagnostic value. STATE OF EXTRACRANIAL VESSELS AND CEREBRAL HEMODYNAMICS IN ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH LEFT VENTRICLE HYPERTROPHYThe severity of athe rosclerotic processes in carotid arteries and hemodynamic characteristics of blood flow in middle meningeal arteries are studied in 21 patients with arterial hypertension. Common, external, internal carotid and middle meningeal arteries are observed by the color duplex scanning method. The variation of intima-media as fragmentation and enlargement is noted in 100% of the cases, atherosclerotic plaques - in 86%, brachiocephal vessel flexures - in 67% of the cases. It is established that arterial hypertension results in the associated lesion of organs-targets. Atherosclerotic changes in brachiocephal vessels are revealed practically in all the examined patients with the average cholesterol value 4,8+0,3 mmol/l. Besides, the peripheric vascular resistance increased and rate characteristics in middle meningeal arteries decreased. MAGNESIUM THERAPY IN COMBINED TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH STABLE STRESS STENOCARDIA .The possibility of magnesium deficiency in patients with stable stenocardia is studied and the clinical efficiency of magnerot drug in the treatment of 90 patients with stenocardia is estimated. Therapy with magnerot made it possible to eliminate the systemic magnesium deficiency in most of patients with stable stenocardia. Magnerot effect was manifested by the positive dynamics of the clinical course, normalization of emotional status of patients, improvement of lipid metabolism indices and myocardium systolic function. The accompanying magnesium therapy of such patients provides resolvement of the systemic magnesium deficiency, increases the efficiency of traditional antianginal therapy. EXPERIMENTAL AND CLINICAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF DIMEPHïSPHïNE ON THE MYOCARDIUM ELECTRIC INSTABILITYThe effect of dimephosphone on the myocardium electric instability in exo- and endotoxicosis is studied. It is established that it correlates with the change of peroxidation processes, has the cardioprotective action and has positive effect on the myocardium electric instability indices. The clinical study of the effect of dimephosphone on late ventricle potentials is performed. The drug in the dose of 50 mg/kg in an hour after intravenous injection eliminates late ventricle potentials. PARTICIPATION OF ERYTHROCYTES IN THE FORMATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS STATE IN OF PATIENTS WITH POSTINFARCTION CARDIOSCLEROSISThe role of disorders of free-radical metabolism in erythrocytes in the formation of oxidative stress in blood of patients with postinfarction cardiosclerosis depending on the presence of the stable stenocardia of various functional class in them is studied. The antioxidant system indices, hemoglobin metabolism indices, as well as the content of oxidized protein in plasma are studied in erythrocytes. It is established that in postinfarction cardiosclerosis with stable stress stenocardia of the first functional class the antioxidant system hyperfunction inhibiting the free-radical oxidation in erythrocytes was observed. In the second functional class the activity of separate components of thiol antioxidant system and vitamin E with moderate activization of the free-radical oxidation decreased. In the third functional class the total insufficiency of antioxidant systems of erythrocytes and pronounced disorders in hemoglobin metabolism correlate with oxidative modification of proteins of erythrocytes and plasma showing the formation of chronic oxidative stress in blood. CHANGES OF ERYTîROCYTE MEMBRANES IN PATIENTS WITH MYOCARDIAL INFARCTIONThe content of proteins, functional state of lipid phase and peroxide oxidation level in erythrocyte membranes in patients with miocardial infarction are studied. The found changes of structural organization of erythrocyte membranes lead to the disorder of their functional characteristics. In patients with miocardial infarction it is manifested by the decrease of blood cells stability to peroxide hemolysis resulting increasÅment of the rheologic parameters and the load on the damaged miocardium providing the spread of necrosis and ischemia. EFFICIENCY OF FROMILIDE IN EXACERBATION OF CHRONIC BRONCHITIS AND OUT-PATIENT PNEUMONIA61 patients (36 men and 25 women) aged 18 to 65 with exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (30 patients) and out-patient pneumonia (31) are examined. The dose of 500 mg 2 times per day was effective. The effect of claritromycine proved to be very good in 33 (54,1%) patients, good - in 26 (42,6%) patients, unsatisfactory - in two (3,3%) patients. The efficiency in brochopulmonary infections was 96,7%. ACCELERATED HYPERFRACTION OF THE RADIATION DOSE IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH ESOPHAGEAL CANCERThe results of radiation and combined treatment of 98 patients with locally spead esophageal cancer in dynamic and accelerated hyperfraction of the radiation dose are analysed. The analysis showed the increase of rate and degree of the tumor regression as well as the decrease of rate and manifestation of radiation esophagitis in radiation therapy with accelerated hyperfraction. The use of accelerated hyperfraction of the radiation dose in radiation therapy by the radical program makes it possible to decrease the duration of treatment course with the increase of total focal radiation dose by 10%. SCINTIGRAPHY OF SKELETON IN EARLY DETECTION OF THE LUNG CANCER METASTASESOsteoscintigraphy is performed in 101 patients with lung cancer among of which 98 patients had, pains in bones. Osteoscintigraphy made it possible to reveal asymptomatic bone metastases of lung cancer in 10,2% of the patients. This study can be the screening method of early detection of bone metastases of lung cancer. It is recommended to include osteoscintigraphy in complex examination of all the patients with lung cancer. TO THE PROBLEM ON THE REFLUX DISEASE IN CHILDRENThe data of 1182 fibrogastroduodenoscopic examinations in children of Kazan are analyzed. Various variants of the reflux disease are revealed in 20,3% of children. Three age periods should be noted according to the incidence and localization of the reflux disease in boys and girls: aged 9 to 11, 12 to 15 and 15 to 17. The dependence of the revealing the duodenogastral reflux on sex and age of children is established: it increases with age, however in all age groups this pathology more frequently occurs in girls. The leading unfavourable social factor in children with the reflux disease is psychoemotional stress. EFFECT OF ENTEROSORPTION ON THE HUMORAL IMMUNITY IN COMBINED TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH MECHANICAL JAUNDICEThe effect of enterosorption on the antiendotoxin and antibacterial humoral immunity in combined treatment of acute diseases of bilÅ tracts is studied. The examination was performed in two groups of patients. There were 34 patients with acute cholecystitis complicated by mechanical jaundice in the first group, and 60 patients with various destructive forms of acute cholecystitis without obstruction of bile outflow into intestine. It is established that the inclusion of enterosorption (enterodesis) into the program of pre- and postoperational treatment in patients with acute cholecystitis and its complications provides recovery and stabilization of antiendotoxin and antibacterial humoral immunity. MICROECOLOGY OF LARGE BOWEL IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITISThe peculiarities of changes of the stool microbic flora in patients with chronic viral hepatites are studied. The possible etiologic role of chronic viral hepatitis in the development of intestine dysbiosis is suggested. EFFECT OF NATURAL CYTOKINES OF XENOSPLEEN ON IMMUNE PROCESSES AND FUNCTIONAL STATE OF KIDNEYS IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PYELONEPHRITISThe effect of immunomodulators (splenopid and splenoperfusate) obtained from pig spleen on the clinical course and immune status of patients with chronic pyelonephritis is studied. The clinical and laboratory examination and complex treatment of 141 patients with chronic pyelonephritis in during exacerbation is carried out. The justification of using the drugs of immunomodulating action containing natural cytokines - splenoperfusate and splenopid - in chronic pyelonephritis is shown. ARTERIAL HYPOTENSION IN PATIENTS WITH END STAGE OF RENAL FAILURE DURING DIALYSISThe clinical manifestations of "dialysis hypotension " are studied in 29 patients with chronic renal failure over 55 years of age. As many as 17 patients without hypotension reactions on hemodialysis during a year were included in the first group (comparison group), 10 patients with episodic hypotension reactions in hemodialysis during a year - in the second group, two patients whose indices were recorded and studied during hypotension reaction in hemodialysis - in the third group. Dialysis hypotension developing at the end of hemodialysis is a response to the evolving hypovolemia it is accompanied by activation of the Bezold-Irisch reflex. INDICATIONS TO PUNCTURE LAZER DISKECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH LUMBAR OSTEOCHONROSISThe efficiency of puncture lazer diskectomy performed in 198 patients with radicular compression and reflex syndromes of lumbar osteochonrosis is estimated. The high efficiency of the manipulation is concluded. The indications to puncture diskectomy are diskogenic conflicts with frequent exacerbations, with their duration exceeding two months, in disk hernialess than six mm and vertebral canal narrowing less than 30%. Contraindications include disk hernia six mm, narrowing vertebral canal more than by 30% combined with other deformations. INTERACTION BETWEEN THE QUALITATIVE CONTENT OF DRINKING WATER AND DEVELOPMENT OF ASSOCIATED PATHOLOGY OF THE URINARY SYSTEM AND DIGESTIVE TRACT IN CHILDRENThe dependence of the state of digestive tract and urinary system in children on the quality of drinking water is studied. The analysis of the quality of drinking water in reservoirs of the Volga and Soviet regions of Kazan showed the excess (sometimes more than four-fold) of water samples by calcium content indices (Standards). The direct correlation between the associated pathology of digestive tract and urinary system and the quality of drinking water is established. The necessity of using the additional methods of purification of drinking water from salts and performing annual screening examinations of all children living in unfavourable regions is emphasized. TRENDS OF CHANGING THE COMPLETE STAFF OF ESTABLISHED POSTS IN TREATMENT AND PROPHYLACTIC INSTITUTIONS IN TATARSTAN REPUBLICThe analysis of trends of changing the total number of established and engaged posts of medical staff, and the complete staff degree of established posts in various institutions of the health service of Tatarstan Republic for 1994-2000 is performed. The number of established posts of medical staff reduced by 6,9%, the number of engaged posts reduced by 4,4%, and the complete staff index increased from 96,7% in 1994 to 99,2% in 2000. The revealed tendencies should be used for scietific justification of regional purposeful programms of health protection and medical service of population. HCV-INFECTION IN TATARSTAN REPUBLICFundamental reforms took place in the epidemic process of virus hepatitis in Tatarstan Republic recently. The incidence of virus hepatitis A decreased 13 times. The parenteral virus hepatitis comprises 75% of the total incidence of virus hepatitis. HCV-infection is recorded among persons without definite work, students of professional and technical colleges, institutions and universities. The basic ways of transmission of HCV-infection is the intravenous injection of drugs and sexual way, however the casual and vertical way of transmission infection are of particular importance. © 1995-2008 Kazan State University |