CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION OF CURRENT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN ADMINISTRATION OF HOSPITALSAll stages of informatization beginning with inspecting the institution, at the stage of formulating technical task up to using the complex automated control system in practice are studied. The structural scheme of information motion in departments of the hospital are explained in detail as are the basic functions of automated control system. SURGICAL TACTICS IN ACUTE LARGE INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTIONTo determine the optimum methods of diagnosis, treatment and prediction of the postoperative course, the analysis of the treatment of 152 patients with large intestinal obstruÓtion is performed on the base of surgical departments of the Republic Clinical Hospital. It is established that in 124 (81,5%) cases, the acute large intestinal obstruction was caused by tumor process. In 115 (75,5%) cases the large intestine cancer was revealed, in 9 (5,9%) cases the obstruction was caused by pressure of tumors located outside the intestine. By colonoscopy it is possible not only to determine the obstructional cause but in some cases to carry out the radical surgical intervention in one operation. COMBINED METHOD OF OBTURATION OF HIGH UNFORMED INTESTINAL FISTULASThe suggestion is that the obturator in combination with polyurethane glue compositions well treat the high unformed intestinal fistulas. It has been shown that the prolonged obturation method, makes it possible to operate on patients at the best possible time. ECHOGRAPHY IN THE ESTIMATION OF INCIDENCE OF THE COLON CANCER .The possibilities of echography in the diagnosis of the large intestine cancer by determining the growth of the tumor stage by stage, have justified the echography's place in diagnostic algorithm. The increasing use of echography in the estimation of incidence of the large intestine cancer is shown by the fact that out of 43 examined patients, only in 4 patients the direct echographic signs were absent. In the remaining cases the large intestine cancer was reliably established in echography. Reliable data were obtained in 92,5% of the cases. So echographic examination made it possible to establish cancer metastases in 90,9% of the cases. ACTIVITY OF XANTINOXIDASE IN ACUTE SURGICAL PATHOLOGYThe study looked at the disturbance of uric acid metabolism in 217 patients with acute surgical pathology of the abdominal cavity. It is noted that the level of xanthinoxidase in all groups was high, with the highest levels of the enzyme in the patient with a perforating ulcer of the duodenum and patients with acute comissural ileus. EFFICIENCY OF USING SPECIFIC BACTERIOPHAGES IN THE TREATMENT AND PROPHYLAXIS OF SURGICAL POSTOPERATIVE INFECTIONSThe efficiency of specific bacteriophages in the treatment and prophylaxis of purulent complications of surgical wounds, the basic of which were S. aureus and S. pyogenes, was studied. The associations with Gramnegative bacteries (E. coli and P. vulgaris) were distinguished in 54 % patients. The use of polyvalent bacteriophage decreased the time of healing surgical wounds complicated by developing purulent infections ,by 2-2,5 times. The high efficiency of the polyvalent bacteriophage drug in preventing the development of hospital infections by aerosol treatment of air in surgical department rooms was established. REHABILITATION ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT OF PARALYTIC INSTABILITY AND FOOT DEFORMITY IN PATIENTS WITH POLIOMYELITIS AFTEREFFECTSThe results of surgical treatment of 1334 patients with paralytic deformities and foot instability were presented. The long-term results up to 30 years after surgery were studied on 325 patients with poliomyelitis aftereffects. It was shown that three-joint arthrodesis-conjunction of talocalcaneal, taloscaphoid and calcaneocuboid foot articulations were of great importance. The best results were achieved in combined surgeries: musculotendinous transplantation with three-joint foot arthrodesis. STATE OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC CARDIAC FAILURE WITH VARIOUS TYPES OF DISFUNCTION OF THE LEFT VENTRICLE MYOCARDIUMCerebral blood flow and cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with chronic cardiac failure with various types of disfunction of the left ventricle myocardium (systolic and diastolic disfunction) are studied. Blood flow in vertebrobasilar pool vessels was decreased in all patients with both the systolic and the diastolic component of the blood flow linear velocity. The cerebrovascular reactivity coefficient on hypercapnic test was also reliably decreased, suggesting the insufficiency of adaptive possibilities of the regulation system of cerebral blood flow in chronic ischemia. Systolic and diastolic components of the blood flow linear velocity in vertebrobasilar pool arteries were decreased in patients with diastolic disfunction of myocardium as in the group in total. Carotid pool arteries suffered to a lesser degree. The signs of chronic cerebral ischemia estimated in transcranial dopplerography were observed in patients with chronic cardiac failure even in the absence of rough organic changes in the nervous system. LIFE QUALITY IN BRONCHIAL ASTHMA: LATENT PERSISTENCE CHLAMYDOPHILA PNEUMONIAE AND MYCOPLASMA PNEUMONIAEThe aim of this work is the longterm study of life quality of 25 patients with bronchial asthma in the clinical remission phase depending on the infection of Clamydophila pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae and in 125 practically healthy persons correlated by sex and age. Changes of life quality of patients were deduced by the complex estimation of the special (AQLQ) and general (SF-36) questionnaires. The unfavourable effect of latent infection of Chlamydophila pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae on life quality of patients with bronchial asthma in the clinical remission phase is revealed. The studies on the improvement of the diagnosis of Chlamydophila and Mycoplasma infection in bronchial asthma with the following development of antibacterial eradication problems and the subsequent estimation of correlated changes of life quality of patients should be seen as highly promising. DINAMICS OF PEROXIDE OXIDATION OF LIPIDS AND ACTIVITY OF ANTIOXIDATIVE SYSTEM IN THROMBOCYTE AGGREGATIONThe dynamics of indices of peroxide oxidation of lipids and activity of antioxidative system in thrombocyte Ånriched plasma and during thrombocyte aggregation is studied. It is concluded that the thrombocyte aggregation process is accompanied by dynamic correlated change of peroxide oxidation products and antioxidative system. VARIATION OF STROKE VOLUME INDICES IN CHILDREN OF JUNIOR SCHOOL AGE IN CHANGING MOTOR ACTIVITY REGIMESThe variations of stroke volume in children of junior school age in changing motor activity regimes are studied. It is established that during natural growth and development of children daily muscular trainings which were begun at earlier stages, provide the essential increase of stroke volume. This effect, attained during training in the first form, is retained later even in case of the essential decrease of motor activity level. ROLE OF FUNGOUS SENSITIZATION IN CHILDREN WITH ATOPIC DERMATITISThe etiologic importance of Phoma betae fungus in 82 children with atopic dermatitis is established. The factors having effect on the formation of such sensitization and a series of clinical peculiarities of the disease are revealed: the connection between the terms of the disease onset and the time of introduction of vegetable mash, exacerbation after eating roots with the positive effect of elimination, seasonal prevalence, exacerbation in damp weather and in damp rooms. In developing sensitization to the fungus the main role of reactive mechanism and the predominance of twofold cutaneons reactions of the inmediate type hypersensitivity as well as high and very high level of allergenspecific IgE, suggesting a high degree of sensitivity to Phoma betae of children with atopic dermatitis, is shown. CLINICAL AND IMAGING PARALLELS OF VERTEBROGENIC LUMBOSACRAL MENINGO RADICULAR LESIONSThe clinical and imaging signs of vertebrogenic meningoradicular lesions are analized in 367 patients with dystrophic vertebral pathology of the lumbosacral level. The peculiarities of forming the vertebral factors of meningoradicular lesions, the nature and forms of lesion of roots and dural sac, the neurovisual variant of radicular changes, the types of changing at various lumbar vertebral levels are revealed. The visualization results are correlated with the data obtained in clinical investigation. EXPERIENCE OF USING INTERFERONOGENESIS INDUCTORS AMIXIN AND NEOVIR IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC VIRAL HEPATITIS B AND CThe comparative clinicolaboratory study of the efficiency of using interferonogenesis inductors and a-interferon drugs is performed. It is established that a-interferon drugs are more effective in the treatment of chronic viral hepatitis B and C. However the disappearance of deoxyribonucleic HBV in chronic hepatitis B after the treatment course with amixin and neovir was recorded with approximately the same rate. Amixin significantly decreases dispepsic disorders in such patients, normalizes the intestine microflora state. In using amixin and neovir the side effects do not limit duration and success of the therapy. LASER DOPPLER FLOWMETRY IN THE ESTIMATION OF MICROCIRCULATION CHANGES IN EDEMAS OF PREGNANT WOMENThe microcirculation state of edemas in pregnant women by the laser doppler flowmetry method and the efficiency of treating edemas in pregnant by the aqueous - immersional compression method, are studied. The aqueous - immersional compression method by the laser doppler flowmetry is more successful in treating edemas, because it changes the capillary blood flow state, due to the diminishing venous congestion, vascular tone and the increase of respiratory-pulse fluctuations of blood flow. ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC APPROACHES TO CONTROL OF HOSPITAL AID TO CHIDREN ON THE REGIONAL LEVELThe experience of the Children Republic Clinical Hospital on intensification of the treatment and diagnostic process is given. A series of problems and ways of their solving are determined. The results obtained in the experiment showed that only changing the existing normative base, assigning primary importance not to a bed but a number and especially a quality of cured patients, the optimum activity of the health protection institutions can be gained. MEDICAL ASPECTS OF USING ALCOHOL BY POPULATIONThe progressive decrease during 1992-2000 of the incidence of chronic alcoholism among population of Tatarstan Republic and its statistically reliable lower levels in comparison with average Russian levels do not allow to estimate the medical aspects of alcohol situation in Republic as successful. The levels of cases of annually first diagnosed alcohol psychoses as well as their incidence increasing in 1993 do not decrease but significantly grow in 2000. After two-year (1998-1999) positive dynamics of average duration of cronic alcohol psychoses in 2000 these indices drastically deteriorated, in some areas of the region - up to inprecedental values. The ratio between the chronic alcoholism and alcohol psychosis reduced to the lowest values on record. PECULIARITIES OF THR COURSE OF DIPHTHERITIC INFECTION IN THE KIROV REGIONThe rise of diphtheria incidence was registered in the Kirov region from 1990 to 1997. The comparative clinicoepidemiologic analysis of the peculiarities of the course of diphtheritic infection was carried out in this region. The diphtheria incidence dynamics in the Kirov region was indentical to that in other regions of Russia. As in other regions adults fell ill twice as often as children. Among children the most part of patients were pupils aged 7-14. The peculiarity of the last epidemy was a high diphtheria incidence among previonsly vaccinated persons. The localized form of stomatopharynx diphtheria was registered in 74,2% cases. The complications were present in 27,9% cases, lethality was 4%. Gravis type diphtheria was obtained from stomatopharynx in 79% cases. The rise of diphtheria incidence was preceded by the increase of circulation of pathogene toxicogenic variants in the presence of the significant nonimmune layer of population. © 1995-2008 Kazan State University |