Politics

II. THE PERSON AND THE STATE

[The Citizenship of The Republic of Tatarstan. Equality of Citizens]
[Human and civil rights, freedoms and duties]

The Citizenship of The Republic of Tatarstan. Equality of Citizens

Article 19. The Republic of Tatarstan shall have its own citizenship. Reasons, procedures of acquiring and renouncing the citizenship of The Republic of Tatarstan shall be established by the Law on the Citizenship of The Republic of Tatarstan.
Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall be admitted to the citizenship of the Russian Federation - Russia.
Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan may aquire the citizenship of other states under conditions determined by treaties and agreements between The Republic of Tatarstan and other states. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan may keep dual citizenship or renounce it.
Each person shall have the right to choose the citizenship and the right to change it. Deprivation of citizenship or of the right to change the citizenship shall be prohibited.

Article 20. All citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enloy equal rights and duties. They shall enjoy equal right to be protected by the state, irrespectively of their birth, social and property status, race and nationality, sex, education, language, political views, religious convictions, profession, job, place of residence and other conditions.
Citizens shall have the right to use their native language.
Rights, freedoms and duties of citizens prescribed by The Constitution, shall be exercised immediately on its basis.
The procedure of exercising, safeguarding and protecting constitutional rights, freedoms and duties shall be established by the law.

Article 21. Rights and freedoms prescribed by The Constitution of The Republic of Tatarstan shall, in compliance with generally recognized norms of international law, as well as with international treaties of The Republic of Tatarstan, be guaranteed to all its citizens.
Each citizen of The Republic of Tatarstan staying abroad shall have legal protection and assistance of The Republic of Tatarstan.
Rights and freedoms of citizens shall not be restricted or interrupted otherwise than it is established by the law, or by court decision.

Article 22. Direct or indirect restrictions of rights or the establishment of benefits for certain citizens with respect for racial, national and other features shall be prosecuted.

Article 23. The legal status of citizens and stateless persons shall be regulated by the laws and international treaties of The Republic of Tatarstan.
Aliens and stateless persons staying within The Republic of Tatarstan shall respect and observe The Constitition and laws of The Republic of Tatarstan.

Human and civil rights, freedoms and duties

Article 24. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enjoy full private, political, socio-economic and cultural rights and freedoms, provided by the present Constitition.

Article 25. Life, health, personal freedom and security of mankind shall be protected by the state.

Article 26. The citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall be guaranteed the inviolability of person. Nobody shall be arrested or detended otherwise than for the reasons established by the law. In case of being arrested or detended, a citizen shall have the right to immediately appeal to court against these actions. Each citizen called to account for offence shall be considered non-guilty until the guilt is proved in accordance with the law and a proper legal procedure.
The right of protection shall be guaranteed to the citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan.

Article 27. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall be guaranteed the inviolability of home: Nobody shall, without legal backgrounds, be entitled neither to enter one's home, nor to make a search in it against the will of its residents.

Article 28. Securecy of correspondence, telephone, telegraph and other forms of communications shall be guaranteed to the citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan.

Article 29. The citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall in accordance with their own belief, have the freedom to manifest or not to manifest any religion, to carry out religious or atheistic activities. Each person shall be free in performing the religious rites. Provocation of a animosity, hatred and national strife in connection with religious believes shall be prohibited.
Religions and religious organizations are separated from the state.

Article 30. The family, maternity, paternity and childhood shall be protected by the state. The marriage shall be based on free agreement between man and woman; wife and husband shall be equal in family relations. Family life of citizens shall be protected by the law.
The state shall concern for family, take a special care for mother and child health, as well as for education of children.
Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall be responsible for bringing up their children.
Adult children shall take care of their parents and render them help.

Article 31. Each citizen within the territory of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enjoy the right to freedom of movement, residence and location. This right shall not be restricted otherwise than it is prescribed by the law.

Article 32. Each person shall enjoy freedom to leave the territory of The Republic of Tatarstan and to return back to the republic.

Article 33. Respect for a person, safeguarding of rights and freedoms of citizens shall be the duty of all state bodies, public associations and officials.
Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall have the right to judicial protection against infringements of honour and dignity, life and health, personal freedom and property.

Article 34. Each citizen shall enjoy the right to appeal to court against the actions of officials, state bodies and public association, as well as the right to recover moral and material damages.

Article 35. Each citizen of The Republic of Tatarstan shall be guaranteed the right to freedom of speech, press,opinions and convictions, as well as the right to free expression and dissemination of the latter.

Article 36. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enjoy the right to peaceful unarmed meetings, marches, demonstrations and pickets according to the procedure established by the law.

Article 37. In accordance with interests of the people and in order to promote public activities,citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall, within current laws, enjoy the rights to join political parties, professional unions, mass movements and other public associations, on the civil initiative basis to participate in actions. The state shall promote their activities aimed at the implementation of charter tasks.
Rights, freedoms and duties of citizens, constituting the minority in opposition in the representative state bodies shall be quaranteed by the law.
Political parties, professional unions, mass movements and other public associations may be banned in case their activities contradict the Constitution.

Article 38. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall have the right to participate in political life, in governing state and public affairs, in discussing draft laws and resolutions of republican and local importance, in referenda.

Article 39. Each citizen shall, according to the law enjoy the right of equal access to public service.

Article 40. Each citizen of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enjoy the right of freedom to receive and give reliable information on all spheres of home and foreign affairs, including matters of legal status of a person.
State bodies, public associations and officials shall provide a person with an opportunity of learning about their decisions and other materials concerning rights and legal interests of the above person.

Article 41. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enjoy the right of property and the right of succession.

Article 42. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enjoy the right to work, i.e., the freedom to choose profession and employment,to dispose of their abilities. Freedom of contract shall be guaranteed.
Each person shall enjoy the right to conditions of work in compliance with requirements of security and hygiene and to remuneration which shall not be less than the legaly established minimum.
The state shall quarantee fair conditions of employment, dismissal and labor protection, protection of labour rights and freedom to represent interests of employees in all enterprises, establishments, organizations, regardless the form of property.
The state shall promote the implementation of the right to work in case of minor persons, physically and mentally disabled persons, quarantee social protection to invalids, poor and unemployed, if necessary, organize their education and traning.
Forced labour shall be permitted only by court decision and in cases established by international treaties of The Republic of Tatarstan.

Article 43. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall be guaranteed the right to rest and leizure. This right shall be ensured by the establishment of work-week no longer than 40 hours, providing the employees with annual payed vacations, weekly days-off, promoting effective use of spare time.

Article 44. Each citizen of The Republic of Tatarstan shall, in compliance with the procedure established by the law, enjoy the right to health protection, including medical care rendered by state-owned and other medical establishments.
The state shall stimulate activities aimed at private health protection and the development of physical traning and sports.

Article 45. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enjoy the right to healthy environment.

Article 46. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enjoy the right to social security in old age, in case of full or partial disability, birth of a child and until the latter attains to legally prescribed age, in case of loss of a bread-winner and for other legal reasons, rates being stipulated by the law.

Article 47. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enjoy rhe right to home. This shall be ensured by developing the state and public housing reserves, promoting cooperative and individual housing. Nobody shall, otherwise than for the reasons prescribed by the law, be deprived of home.

Article 48. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall enjoy he right to free secondary and vocational education in state educational establishments and to school education carried out in one's native lanquage.
Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall have the right to free competition-based higher education in state higher educational establishments.

Article 49. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall be entitled to enjoy the achievements of culture. Each person shall be guaranteed freedom of creative work in science, techniques, arts.
Author's rights as well as rights of inventors and rationalizers shall be protected by the state.

Article 50. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall, in order to protect their economic and social interests, enjoy the right to strike, striking being an extreme measure of settling collective labor disputes prescribed by the law.
Nobody shall be forced to participate in strikes.
Strikes shall not be allowed in case they threaten life and health of people.

Article 51. Exercising rights and freedoms declared by the Costitution, citizens shall not damage the state and public security, public order, health and moral of the population, rights and freedoms of other persons.

Article 52. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall observe the Constitution and the laws of The Republic of Tatarstan.

Article 53. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall respect rights and legal interests of other persons.
The duty of each citizen of The Republic of Tatarstan shall be to respect the honour and national dignity of other citizens.

Article 54. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall be obliged to share state expenditures by paying taxes as prescribed by the law.

Article 55. Taking care of nature shall be a duty of each citizen of The Republic of Tatarstan.

Article 56. Preservance of cultural values, historical monuments shall be a duty of citizens of The Republic of
Damaging and destruction of cultural monuments shall be prosecuted.

Article 57. To promote the development of friendship and co-operation with the peoples of other countries, to maintain and strengthen the universal piece shall, on the base of generally recognized norms of the international law, be the duty of citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan.

Article 58. Citizens of The Republic of Tatarstan shall, in accordance with the law, be obliged to serve in army. Military duties shall be performed within the territory of The Republic of Tatarstan or, on the base of obligations of The Republic of Tatarstan, beyond it.
The prosedure for replacing military service by alternative duties and exempting from military service shall be established by the law.

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